Alignment, interpretability, red-teaming, bias and privacy: the research on what these systems do when they misbehave.
arXiv:2508. 09105v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and its Multimodal Retrieval-Augmented Generation (MRAG) significantly improve the knowledge coverage and contextual understanding of Large Language Models (LLMs) by introducing external knowledge sources.
arXiv:2508. 07195v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent advances have demonstrated that Large Language Models (LLMs) can be effectively adapted for time series forecasting, revealing strong potential beyond natural language tasks.
arXiv:2508. 09521v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Emotional support conversations require more than fluent responses.
arXiv:2510. 17088v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Financial anomalies arise from heterogeneous mechanisms - price shocks, liquidity freezes, contagion cascades, and momentum reversals - yet existing detectors produce uniform anomaly scores without revealing which mechanism is failing or where risks concentrate.
arXiv:2504. 06659v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Despite advances in Preference Alignment (PA) for Large Language Models (LLMs), mainstream methods like reinforcement learning with human feedback face notable challenges.
arXiv:2608. 14685v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Knowledge distillation (KD) is widely used to transfer the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) to smaller students, but existing objectives often struggle to balance faithful imitation and robust generation.
arXiv:2608. 14583v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are a key component of intelligent transportation systems, enabling real-time communication between vehicles.
arXiv:2608. 14766v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Uncertainty estimation is critical for the safe clinical deployment of deep learning in medical image segmentation, with aleatoric uncertainty theoretically designed to capture irreducible data ambiguity.
arXiv:2608. 15310v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal data collected by heterogeneous devices are used for collaborative training, where federated learning (FL) serves as a key paradigm for effective distributed modeling with data privacy preservation.
arXiv:2608. 15660v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Federated learning (FL) enables privacy-preserving distributed model training but faces challenges from heterogeneous model architectures and limited communication resources at the network edge.
arXiv:2608. 16340v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The combination of traditional statistical models and neural network (NN) components into semi-structured hybrid models is an intriguing approach to construct models that, ideally, combine traditional interpretability with the unprecedented flexibility of NNs.
arXiv:2608. 16347v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Direct communication between AI systems relies on natural language as an intermediate layer, incurring encoding/decoding overhead, token cost, and latency.
arXiv:2608. 16454v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) based on air-plasma generation and balanced air-biased coherent detection offers gap-free broadband coverage, but individual continuous-scan traces are strongly affected by pulse-to-pulse fluctuations and electronic noise.
arXiv:2608. 16664v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study the Random Quadratic Form (RQF) on a sphere in the presence of random Brownian forcing.
arXiv:2608. 15578v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large audio-language models (LALMs) make it possible to interact with language models through speech, music, and environmental sound, but they also introduce a safety surface that is difficult to expose with text-only red-teaming.
arXiv:2608. 15673v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model guardrails can be viewed as policy-consistency problems: a system must determine which policy-relevant facts hold in a prompt-response pair and what those facts imply under a given policy.
arXiv:2608. 16177v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agents that operate equipment, execute instructions, and act inside institutional hierarchies, raising a question social psychology answered for humans six decades ago: how far will an agent escalate a harmful action when a legitimate authority insists?
arXiv:2608. 16681v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Although semi-supervised semantic segmentation ($\text{S}^4$) utilizes abundant unlabeled data to reduce manual labeling burdens, independent training of labeled and unlabeled data causes the former to dominate, which severely degrades pseudo-label quality.
arXiv:2608. 15311v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Federated instruction fine-tuning enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to adapt to decentralized, privacy-sensitive data without requiring data sharing.
arXiv:2608. 16029v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Group Independent Component Analysis (gICA) is widely used to decompose high-dimensional functional MRI data into interpretable brain networks.