arXiv AI

AI for Games in the Foundation Model Era

arXiv Computer Vision
Sep 22

GameHorizon Suite: Multi-Horizon Data and Evaluation in Gameplay

arXiv:2609.25001v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern video games provide a measurable testbed for AI models, combining abilities of visual understanding, instruction decomposition, goal planning, a...

By Yiran Wang, Xingyilang Yin, Junfu Pu, Guangzhi Wang, Kaifeng Li, Mingyu Ouyang, Huiqiang Sun, Lingen Li, Cheng Cheng, Wangbo Yu, Honghao Chen, Xiaodong Cun, Chi-Man Pun, Zhiguo Cao, Ying Shan
arXiv AI
Oct 9

Can AI Agents Learn Their Way to the Top? Evaluating Heuristic Learning in a Long-Running Game Agent Competition

The paper introduces Adversarial Heuristic Learning (AHL), a framework that uses AI agents to refine game policies without changing model weights. It presents AAArena, a benchmark of 12 adversarial games and 1,920 human programs, where agents analyze replays, select opponents, and revise policies to maximize ranking within limited budgets. Experiments show that certain configurations achieve gold medals, while performance drops in games with complex rules, highlighting challenges in game understanding and long‑horizon policy development.

By Kaisen Yang, Qingle Liu, Kejin Wang, Yicheng Zhao, Jieming Li, Shenghan Zheng, Ruize Yang, Bojun Yang, Heng Gong, Xiang Gao, Lanyue Zhang, Kaiyu Zhong, Zhuo Liu, Shaoxuan Li, Chengxi Li, Yong Yan, Weixuan Zhang, Tianwei Luo, Situ Wang, Youjie Zheng, Sihan Zhao, Shengyuan Wang, Huan-ang Gao, Jiazheng Xu, Xiaohui Xie, Wentao Han, Hongning Wang
arXiv AI
Oct 7

SWE-Game: Can Coding Agents Build the Games We Want?

SWE-Game is a benchmark comprising 247 tasks based on 41 Godot games across 13 gameplay categories, testing coding agents on tasks such as brief-to-game, design-document implementation, skeleton completion, fault repair, and Godot-to-Unity porting. Evaluation uses engine-state checks, replay of certified reference inputs, and agent-authored demonstrations to judge mechanic correctness, playability, and post-repair behavior, supplemented by vision‑language rubrics for presentation. Across six models, Opus5 leads but overall scores stay below 60/100, highlighting common issues like omitted requirements and gameplay logic errors.

By Xiaoyu Chen, Lai Wei, Jin Wang, Xiangyu Zou, Ruochen Fan, Enze Luo, Mingzhe Yao, Jiahui Zhu, Yuhua Wen, Linghe Kong, Weiran Huang
arXiv Computer Vision
Oct 27

Towards Generalist Game Agents: A Survey of Foundation Models in Virtual Worlds

arXiv:2605.09965v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The real world unfolds along a single set of physics laws, yet human intelligence demonstrates a remarkable capacity to generalize experiences from...

By Kuan Zhang, Dongchen Liu, Qiyue Zhao, Tianyu Xin, Yue Su, Haisheng Wang, Han Yin, Hongbo Ma, Peize Li, Tianjun Gu, Xiangnan Wu, Xinran Zhang, Yongxuan Li, Zirong Chen, Yiming Li
arXiv AI
Oct 7

Learn2Play Bench: How Well Do LLM Agents Learn from Experience in Unfamiliar Environments?

Learn2Play Bench is a new benchmark that tests how well large language model agents learn from experience in unfamiliar, text‑based games with novel or counterintuitive rules. The benchmark provides reproducible feedback, automatic scoring, and varied game instances to evaluate learning across repeated attempts and transfer to new situations. Findings show that retaining full action records aids learning, human players outperform agents, and the choice of harness significantly impacts performance and inference cost.

By Yibo Li, Jinhang Qiu, Zhi Zheng, Qianyun Guo, Jiaying Wu, Shuo Ji, Bryan Hooi
arXiv AI
Oct 1

A2Z GameSpec-Bench: How Faithfully Can Coding Agents Generate Games from Game Design Specifications?

A2Z GameSpec-Bench introduces a benchmark of 100 long‑form Game Design Documents (GDDs) to evaluate how faithfully coding agents can generate complete games from detailed specifications. The benchmark measures faithfulness by checking that the game satisfies the GDD requirements and preserves the relationships among them, using a dependency‑aware contract and a combination of source‑code inspection and agent‑generated test policies. Evaluations show that current agents struggle to meet interdependent requirements, but requirement‑specific feedback improves GDD fidelity by 10.9% after two revision rounds.

By Seonho Lee, Wonryeol Jeong, Alberto Cereser, Inha Kang, Hyeonjong Kim, Seungmin Kwak, Dongmin Park
arXiv Computation and Language
Oct 19

AgentOdyssey: Open-Ended Long-Horizon Text Game Generation for Test-Time Continual Learning Agents

AgentOdyssey is a new evaluation framework that procedurally generates open-ended text games with rich entities, dynamic worlds, and long-horizon tasks to test test-time continual learning agents. The framework measures game progress and provides diagnostic tests on world knowledge acquisition, episodic memory, exploration, action diversity, and model cost. Experiments across six games show that even the best agents fall far short of human performance, and supervised fine-tuning leads to catastrophic forgetting, highlighting the need for better parametric continual learning methods.

By Zheyuan Zhang, Zehao Wen, Alvin Zhang, Andrew Wang, Jianwen Xie, Daniel Khashabi, Tianmin Shu
arXiv Computer Vision
Oct 9

AgentGarten: Code Worlds for Evolving Agents

AgentGarten is a framework that links simulators and game engines with a shared neural renderer to create real‑time interactive virtual worlds. It uses a pretrained video model adapted to geometry conditions, refined with Adversarial Forcing, to produce realistic visual observations while maintaining consistent state and rules. The system enables agents to learn efficiently—achieving comparable performance in only four training rounds versus millions in traditional reinforcement learning—by distilling experience into playbooks that successive agents can inherit and improve upon.

By Jiawei Chi, Shangchen Miao, Zhiyuan Shi, Kailu Wu, Hanyang Wang, Weiliang Chen, Qiyu Dai, Jinshan Ren, Jun Gao, Mingsheng Long, Yueqi Duan, Jiangran Lyu, Jialong Wu, Fangfu Liu