Large language models

Model releases, architecture work and prompting research on large language models — from frontier-lab announcements to the arXiv papers behind them.

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arXiv AI
Jun 19

A Comparative Study of Pretrained Transformer Models for Quranic ASR: Speech Representations, Label Formats, and Dataset Composition

arXiv:2606. 19747v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Quran Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) aims to convert Quranic recitation into text, enabling applications such as aided memorisation tools and Quranic search engines.

By Nabil Mosharraf Hossain (Greentech Apps Foundation, United Kingdom), Riasat Islam (Greentech Apps Foundation, United Kingdom, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom), Unaizah Obaidellah (University of Malaya, Malaysia)
arXiv AI
Jun 19

Benchmarking Agentic Review Systems

arXiv:2606. 19749v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A new class of agentic review systems are emerging as a remedy to the pressure placed on peer review systems by AI-assisted research, but it is unclear how they should be evaluated.

By Dang Nguyen, Wanqing Hao, Yanai Elazar, Chenhao Tan
arXiv AI
Jun 19

VCG: A Multimodal Retrieval Framework for E-Commerce Video Feeds under Extreme Cold-Start Conditions

arXiv:2606. 19627v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The digital commerce landscape is shifting from static, search-driven catalogs to dynamic, immersive video feeds.

By Katya Mirylenka, Egor Malykh, Mahdyar Ravanbakhsh, Michael Gygli, Marco-Andrea Buchmann, Andrew Dzhoha, Svitlana Borzenko, Francesca Catino, Mohamed Gaafar, Maarten Versteegh, Thomas Kober, Dario d'Andrea, Ellie Langhans
arXiv AI
Jun 19

Library-Aware Doubles and Iterative Repair for Large Language Model-Generated Unit Tests in OpenSIL Firmware

arXiv:2606. 19725v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Validating changes in low-level C firmware is expensive because unit tests (UTs) are fragile under strict build constraints, where missing headers, unresolved symbols, and dependency mismatches frequently prevent compilation and linking.

By Ma Toan Bach, Yuchi Zheng, Haingo Razafindranto, Tanvir Alam, Aric Leather, Ranveer Sandhu, Jitesh Arora
arXiv AI
Jun 19

LLM agent safety, multi-turn red-teaming, jailbreak benchmarks, adversarial robustness, safety-critical systems

arXiv:2606. 20408v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly proposed as supervisory components for safety-critical systems, yet their robustness under sustained, adaptive adversarial pressure remains poorly characterized.

By Hanwool Lee, Dasol Choi, Bokyeong Kim, Seung Geun Kim, Haon Park
arXiv AI
Jun 19

How Transparent is DiffusionGemma?

arXiv:2606. 20560v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLM reasoning transparency is a critical affordance for understanding model decisions, mitigating misuse and misalignment, and debugging surprising model behaviors.

By Joshua Engels, Callum McDougall, Bilal Chughtai, Janos Kramar, Senthoran Rajamanoharan, Cindy Wu, Arthur Conmy, Asic Q Chen, Jean Tarbouriech, Min Ma, Brendan O'Donoghue, Jo\~ao Gabriel Lopes de Oliveira, Rohin Shah, Neel Nanda
arXiv AI
Jun 19

PCBSchemaGen: Reward-Guided LLM Code Synthesis for Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) Schematic Design with Structured Verification

arXiv:2602. 00510v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Most LLM code-synthesis benchmarks rely on unit tests as the reward oracle, but PCB schematic design has none: correctness is defined by structured physical constraints over real IC packages and pin-level assignments, per-task golden references are unavailable, and SPICE simulation does not validate schematic-level correctness.

By Huanghaohe Zou, Peng Han, Emad Nazerian, Mafu Zhang, Zhicheng Guo, Alex Q. Huang
arXiv AI
Jun 19

Hierarchical Control in Multi-Agent Games: LLM-based Planning and RL Execution

arXiv:2606. 20014v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved strong performance in sequential decision-making, yet scaling to complex multi-agent environments remains challenging due to sparse rewards, large state-action spaces, and the difficulty of learning coordinated strategies.

By Jannik H\"osch, Alessandro Sestini, Florian Fuchs, Amir Baghi, Joakim Bergdahl, Konrad Tollmar, Jean-Philippe Barrette-LaPierre, Linus Gissl\'en
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 19

Scalable Training of Spatially Grounded 2D Vision-Language Models for Radiology

arXiv:2606. 20477v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study how to train visually grounded vision-language models (VLMs) for radiology without manual spatial annotations.

By Yusuf Salcan (Computer Vision Group, University of Freiburg, Germany, CRIION-AI Lab, Freiburg, Germany), Simon Ging (Computer Vision Group, University of Freiburg, Germany, Adaptive & Agentic AI), Robin Schirrmeister (Department of Radiology, Medical Center -- University of Freiburg, Germany), Philipp Arnold (Department of Radiology, Medical Center -- University of Freiburg, Germany), Elmar Kotter (Department of Radiology, Medical Center -- University of Freiburg, Germany), Behzad Bozorgtabar (Adaptive & Agentic AI), Thomas Brox (Computer Vision Group, University of Freiburg, Germany)