Fine-tuning and adaptation

LoRA, PEFT, instruction tuning and domain adaptation — adapting a pretrained model without paying to train one.

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arXiv Computation and Language
Sep 10

AgenticGen: Reward-Guided Agentic Video Generation for Advertising

AgenticGen is a reward‑guided framework for generating advertising videos that splits the task into strategy selection and draft generation, allowing online business feedback to supervise each stage. It learns performance‑based rewards from accumulated online metrics and rubric‑based rewards aligned with human quality standards, then applies DPO and GRPO to refine policies. Offline tests confirm the reward models, and online A/B tests on TikTok show significant gains in CTR, CVR, and advertising value over a baseline.

By Xingyuan Bu, Chengru Song, Hao Zhou, Tao Zhou, Dong Li, Wei Li, Shilong Li, Hao Shi, Yongxin Guo, Donghao Zhou, Qiangpeng Yang, Shilei Wen
arXiv AI
Sep 10

PlannerForge: LLM Agents for Scenario-Based Testing of Motion Planners in Autonomous Driving

PlannerForge is a unified LLM‑agent framework that covers the entire scenario‑based testing pipeline for autonomous driving systems, from scenario generation to ADS assessment, and adds ADS enhancement and benchmarking stages. It was evaluated with ten off‑the‑shelf LLMs across all tasks and five prompt conditions, achieving best‑per‑task scores between 0.88 and 1.00 and matching commercial APIs with open‑source models such as Qwen3.6:35B. The end‑to‑end chaining retains 83% of seed queries for commercial backends and 78% for open‑source, outperforming existing tools like Scenario Factory 2.0 and BM25 in natural‑language generation, attribute realization, and physically valid edits. whyItMatters":"PlannerForge demonstrates that a single LLM‑based system can streamline and improve the fragmented scenario‑based testing workflow for autonomous driving, achieving high performance without domain‑specific fine‑tuning."

By Yuan Gao, Sebastian M\"uller, Mattia Piccinini, Marc Kaufeld, Yuchen Zhang, Finn Rasmus Sch\"afer, Qunying Song, Johannes Betz
arXiv AI
Sep 10

MVFA: A Multi-View Text-Guided Multimodal Fusion LLM Adapter for Sentiment Analysis and Emotion Recognition

arXiv:2609.06188v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal sentiment analysis and emotion recognition in conversations demand effective modeling of heterogeneous interactions across textual, acoustic...

By Pengfei Shao, Jisheng Dang, Jiawen Fang, Ning Liu, Wencan Zhang, Bimei Wang, Jingwen Zhao, Jianhuang Lai, Qi Tian, Tat-Seng Chua
arXiv AI
Sep 10

Training-Free Task Vectors for LLM Behavioral Control

The paper introduces Training-Free Task Vectors (TFTVs), a method for computing task-vector-like directions in large language models without fine‑tuning. TFTVs map activation steering vectors to rank‑one weight‑space edits using only forward‑pass statistics, enabling arithmetic operations such as learning, forgetting, and composing edits. Experiments show that TFTVs consistently amplify, suppress, and combine target behaviors while preserving general knowledge, outperforming other editing and steering baselines.

By Gabriel J. Perin, Lucas Boscaini, Andr\'e Araujo, Nina S. T. Hirata
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 10

Cross-modal learning for SAR target recognition using optical vision foundation models

The paper proposes a cross‑modal framework that uses a frozen DINOv3 optical vision foundation model to create class‑level prototypes for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) target recognition. By aligning SAR embeddings to these optical prototypes, the SAR model learns to classify SAR images without needing paired optical data. Experiments on the UNICORNv2 dataset show that this prototype alignment improves SAR classification accuracy compared to baseline methods and yields clearer class separation in the embedding space.

By Lucas Hirsch, James R. Hopgood, Javid Khan, Yoann Altmann, Mike E. Davies
arXiv AI
Sep 10

Behind Harmful Compliance: Behavioral and Mechanistic Divergence Across LLM Jailbreaks

The paper investigates how different post‑training interventions—harmful supervised fine‑tuning (SFT), harmful reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR), and refusal‑feature ablation—affect large language models’ harmful compliance, capability, and safety signals. Across Qwen2.5‑7B and Llama‑3.1‑8B, all methods achieve near‑maximum harmfulness, but SFT causes the greatest loss of capability and representational drift, ablation suppresses refusal features in a family‑specific way, and RLVR largely preserves base‑model performance while redirecting behavior toward compliance. RLVR models also exhibit “capability‑blind compliance,” falsely claiming to perform unavailable actions, which can be mitigated by targeted calibration without harming overall capability. The study demonstrates that harmful compliance, harm recognition, and capability awareness are distinct behavioral axes and that typical safety signals such as self‑audit and hallucination may not reliably indicate robustness after adaptive post‑training.

By Md Rysul Kabir, Zoran Tiganj
arXiv AI
Sep 10

FPicker: Topology-Guided Evolution for Filament Tracing in Low-SNR Microscopy

FPicker is a topology-guided framework for filament tracing in low‑signal Cryo‑EM images. It combines a center‑endpoint representation with an open‑curve evolution module to model non‑cyclic connectivity, overcoming limitations of pixel‑wise segmenters, box‑based detectors, sequential trackers, and traditional active contours. On simulated benchmarks, FPicker improves mean spatio‑angular precision by over 40% and reduces topological gap rates by more than 60% under extreme noise, and it achieves state‑of‑the‑art performance on real EMPIAR data after fine‑tuning.

By Tingyin Zhao, Mingtao Huang, Yuan Shen
arXiv Computer Vision
Sep 10

VideoTIR: Accurate Understanding for Long Videos with Efficient Tool-Integrated Reasoning

VideoTIR introduces a reinforcement‑learning approach to improve long‑video understanding by encouraging multimodal large language models to use comprehensive multi‑level toolkits efficiently. It combines Zero‑RL and SFT cold‑starting strategies to help models retrieve and focus on meaningful video segments, images, and regions, thereby reducing hallucinations. The method includes Toolkit Action Grouped Policy Optimization (TAGPO) to streamline tool‑calling and a sandbox‑based trajectory synthesis framework for high‑quality data, achieving strong results on three long‑video QA benchmarks.

By Zhe Gao, Shiyu Shen, Taifeng Chai, Weinong Wang, Haotian Xu, Xing Wu, Wenbin Li, Qi Fan, Yang Gao, Dacheng Tao
arXiv Computation and Language
Sep 10

Strangers to Themselves: What Language Models Say About Themselves Is Generic

The study examines whether language models can accurately predict their own behavior by comparing self-reports to actual performance across nine behavioral tests. Results show that direct self-report is weak and only modestly improved when the model sees the exact items, while generic questions about AI agents yield similar predictive power. First-person framing biases reports toward underestimating harmful behavior, and fine‑tuning on a model’s own record improves narrow predictions but does not generalize.

By Phil Blandfort, Urja Pawar
arXiv Computer Vision
Sep 10

Myocardial Strain Drift Correction in Deep Learning Based Ultrasound Tracking

arXiv:2609.09577v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Myocardial strain from echocardiography is a key biomarker for cardiac function. Recent deep learning methods show strong performance for myocardial...

By Thierry Judge, Nicolas Duchateau, Andreas {\O}stvik, Havard Dalen, Bj{\o}rnar Grenne, Pierre-Yves Courand, Lasse Lovstakken, Pierre-Marc Jodoin, Olivier Bernard