RheoSampling tackles the one‑hot dilemma in stochastic dynamic‑tree speculative decoding by decoupling token sampling from tree construction and verification. It injects a sampled token into deterministic top‑K slots, assigning distinct proxy probabilities for expansion and pruning while preserving the true sampling probability for verification, thereby achieving lossless, context‑aware top‑K construction with stochastic sampling. Experiments on various LLMs show higher acceptance rates and speedups compared to existing dynamic‑tree methods.
By Qiao Hu, Yepeng Weng, Bo Zhang, Takehisa Yairi
HERMES is a holistic end‑to‑end multimodal driving framework that incorporates long‑tail semantic knowledge into trajectory planning for autonomous vehicles. It uses a foundation‑model‑assisted annotation pipeline to build Long‑Tail Scene Context and Long‑Tail Planning Context, capturing hazard‑centric scene information, maneuver intent, and risk‑aware guidance. A Tri‑Modal Driving Module then fuses multi‑view visual observations, historical ego‑motion, and long‑tail semantic instructions to generate intent‑ and risk‑aware trajectories, achieving consistent performance gains on a large‑scale real‑world long‑tail driving benchmark.
By Weizhe Tang, Junwei You, Jiaxi Liu, Zhaoyi Wang, Rui Gan, Zilin Huang, Feng Wei, Bin Ran
arXiv:2609.21221v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Perceptual planning tasks require two key capabilities: accurately perceiving uncertain scenes and planning valid action sequences following logical ru...
By Hongyan Wei, Wael AbdAlmageed
arXiv:2609.21619v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: On-policy distillation (OPD) improves reasoning models by learning the token-level discrepancy between a stronger teacher and an on-policy student. How...
By Qiangqiang He, Jin Li, MingCai Chen
arXiv:2609.21940v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Long-term memory is essential for large language model (LLM) agents to maintain consistency and personalization over extended interactions. Existing me...
By Zijie Cao, Xijun Qu, Zhicheng Gu, Xiaoshu Chen, Duanyang Yuan, Yanning Hou, Sihang Zhou, Jianxing Gong, Jian Huang, Yang Mei
arXiv:2609.21387v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: Relexicalization is a pivotal technique in clinical NLP, as it facilitates robust masking of sensitive information while synthesizing datasets that r...
By Dipankar Das, Atri Mandal, Sandeep Singh, Tushar Shandhilya
arXiv:2609.21562v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: Coding agents can modify and test code across large software projects. Game development is a domain where agents must implement gameplay rules. A gam...
By Xinyu Che, Yunfei Ge, Shihao Li, Yanchen Liu, Hang Yan, Xinping Lei, Yanghai Wang, Zixuan Dong, Yifan Yao, Qianqian Xie, Letian Zhu, Jiaheng Liu
arXiv:2603.16086v2 Announce Type: replace-cross
Abstract: While recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have begun to incorporate audio, they typically treat sound as static pre-execution prompts...
By Chang Nie, Tianchen Deng, Guangming Wang, Zhe Liu, Hesheng Wang
arXiv:2603.17839v4 Announce Type: replace-cross
Abstract: Verbal confidence -- prompting LLMs to state their confidence as a number or category -- is widely used to extract uncertainty estimates from...
By Dharshan Kumaran, Arthur Conmy, Federico Barbero, Simon Osindero, Viorica Patraucean, Petar Veli\v{c}kovi\'c
arXiv:2609.21108v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has achieved strong performance across a wide range of continuous-control problems. These continuous-control policies...
By Sachini Weerasekara, Sagar Kamarthi, Jacqueline Isaacs
arXiv:2609.21057v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training without sharing raw data, but its performance degrades under non-IID data and stochastic c...
By Herlock Rahimi, Dionysis Kalogerias
arXiv:2609.21197v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Sparse longitudinal CT follow-up limits lesion-size forecasting when only a few prior observations are available. We constructed a five-visit DLT-deriv...
By Lingfei Kong
arXiv:2609.21533v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: LLM-based multi-agent systems generate collaboration traces that record how agents plan tasks, verify intermediate results, and repair failures. Reusin...
By Kairui Yang, Minghao An, Xunkai Li, Ziheng Yi, Zekai Chen, Guangyuan He, Rong-Hua Li
arXiv:2609.21899v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Best-of-$n$ (BoN) sampling is a simple yet effective inference-time alignment method, but hard maximization provides only coarse control over the trade...
By Yanxiao Liu, Sicheng Wan, Deniz G\"und\"uz
arXiv:2609.21953v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Learning to defer asks a predictive system when to act autonomously and when to defer to a human expert. Population-adaptive deferral extends this prob...
By Joshua Strong, Emma Sun, Alexander Capstick, Pramit Saha, Cheng Ouyang, J. Alison Noble
arXiv:2609.21945v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Urban transportation networks present complex optimization challenges spanning calibration of high-fidelity simulators and real-time operational contro...
By Adewumi Augustine Adepitan, Christopher J. Haruna, Oluwasegun Adegoke, Ayooluwatomiwa Ajiboye, Oluwatobi Oluwasakin
arXiv:2509.24789v5 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: The evaluation of time series forecasting models is hindered by a lack of high-quality benchmarks, leading to overestimated assessments of progress...
By Zhijian Xu, Wanxu Cai, Xilin Dai, Zhaorong Deng, Qiang Xu
arXiv:2505.04193v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Simplicity is a critical inductive bias for designing data-driven controllers, especially when robustness is important. Despite the impressive resu...
By Bang You, Chenxu Wang, Wenju Yang, Di Guo, Huaping Liu
arXiv:2601.21151v3 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Machine-learning approaches to weather forecasting often employ a monolithic architecture in which distinct physical mechanisms, such as advection,...
By Carlos A. Pereira, St\'ephane Gaudreault, Valentin Dallerit, Christopher Subich, Shoyon Panday, Siqi Wei, Sasa Zhang, Siddharth Rout, Eldad Haber, Raymond J. Spiteri, David Millard
arXiv:2609.20850v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show remarkable advancements, their cross-modal capabilities introduce complex vulnerabilities that easi...
By Yueming Lyu, Yilian Shi, Haoxiang Tan, Linzhuang Zou, Qihao Wang, Guihua Yu, Jie Qin, Xin Gao, Chenyang Si, Jing Dong, Caifeng Shan