The paper examines whether large language model (LLM)-powered systems, such as OpenAI’s Swarm (OAS) framework, embody the core principles of classical swarm intelligence—decentralization, simplicity, emergence, and scalability. By implementing and comparing LLM-based and classical versions of Boids and Ant Colony Optimization, the authors find that while LLM swarms can mimic swarm-like dynamics, they suffer from significant computational overhead, with the LLM-based Boids simulation taking about 300 times longer than its classical counterpart.
By Muhammad Atta Ur Rahman, Melanie Schranz, Samira Hayat
arXiv:2607. 18269v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The wisdom of crowds -- the finding that aggregating judgments across individuals often outperforms the best individual -- has been extensively studied with human forecasters.
By Igor Douven
arXiv:2607. 29087v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in enterprise settings, yet individual models remain bounded by model-specific capability limitations.
By Yanbin Fang, Xuan Wei, Wei Chen
arXiv:2602. 13792v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Artificial intelligence built on large foundation models has transformed language understanding, computer vision, and reasoning, yet these systems remain isolated and cannot readily share their capabilities.
By Siyang Li, Chenhao Liu, Dongrui Wu, Zhigang Zeng, Lieyun Ding
The paper introduces the Universe of Universes (UoU) framework, treating the ecosystem of major large language models as a structured retrieval corpus and proposing a compositional Automated Reasoning and Machine Learning architecture for cross-model retrieval‑augmented generation. It formally defines the Benefit Yield Function (BYF), measuring marginal performance gain per added model, and identifies an implosion threshold θ* where BYF becomes zero and ensemble performance degrades. The work highlights gaps in current LLM ensemble research, such as lack of performance analysis across full model universes, and connects these findings to implications for DoD AI acquisition policy and testing of AI‑enabled systems.
By Danielle Franklin, Vasu Raj Jain
arXiv:2609.38816v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: While multi-agent and model collaboration algorithms gain traction to combine the strengths of diverse Large Language Models (LLMs), existing systems r...
By Zongwan Cao, Ziyuan Yang, Shangbin Feng, Michael Duan, Skyler Hallinan, Bingbing Wen, Lucy Lu Wang, Yulia Tsvetkov