arXiv Computation and Language

What, When, and How: Audio Description as Constrained Global Optimization

The paper presents a new approach to automatic audio description (AD) that treats the task as a constrained global optimization problem. It jointly decides what visual content is narratively important, when it can be spoken without overlapping dialogue, and how to phrase it within time limits. Using large language models for salience estimation and a mixed‑integer linear program for scheduling, the system outperforms prior methods on the REFRAMED benchmark, especially in temporal placement and narrative relevance.

arXiv Computer Vision
Sep 3

From Visual Cues to Spoken Narration: Rethinking Audio Description

The paper introduces Cue2Narrate, a two‑stage pipeline that jointly predicts what visual events to narrate and when to insert the narration in long, untrimmed movie clips. It uses a dual‑head audio‑visual localizer to identify visual cue and narration windows, followed by a LoRA‑adapted vision‑language model that generates concise audio descriptions, trained with a Description Ranking Loss. The authors also present the LongLSMDC benchmark, comprising up to 8‑minute clips, and show that Cue2Narrate outperforms video‑only and audio‑only baselines by 5–12 points in average mAP and improves AD generation over fine‑tuned base VLMs.

By Akshita Gupta, Aditya Arora, Federico Tombari, Marcus Rohrbach, Anna Rohrbach
arXiv AI
Oct 31

Mind The Gap (MTG-AD): Dataset and Fine-grained Evaluation for End-to-End Inline Audio Descriptions

The paper introduces MTG-AD, a 36‑hour dataset of professionally annotated inline audio descriptions for videos, created by blind and sighted professionals. It also presents MTG‑AD‑Eval, a reference‑free evaluation framework that measures how well generated descriptions fit within a video’s natural silences, providing fine‑grained metrics aligned with expert guidelines. Experiments show that while large multimodal language models can reduce speech overlaps, gaps remain in pacing, and users find the model‑generated descriptions highly beneficial for comprehension.

By Subhashini Venugopalan, Jenny Tan, Taylor Roper, Jimmy Tobin, Anton Kast, Alicia Martin, Sam Sepah, Amy Pavel
arXiv Computer Vision
Sep 3

The Missing Temporal Link: Temporal Context Routing for Script-Driven Audio-Video Generation

The paper introduces Temporal Context Routing (TCR), a method that aligns script timing with the shared temporal axis used for audio and video generation. By routing prompt guidance to specific temporal positions in both modalities, TCR dramatically improves shot boundary accuracy and dialogue timing on a set of test scripts, while preserving visual quality and audio‑visual sync. A user study confirms that participants prefer TCR across multiple evaluation dimensions.

By Yichen Liu, Quanwei Zhang, Haozhe Wang, Donghao Zhou, Xiaojie Li, Yang Shi, Jiaming Liu, Ruihua Huang, Yingtian Zou, Daquan Zhou
arXiv AI
Aug 28

Temporally-Grounded Language Generation: Towards Real-Time Vision-Language Models

The paper introduces Temporally-Grounded Language Generation (TGLG), a benchmark that tests vision‑language models on their ability to produce semantically accurate and temporally precise utterances in real‑time settings. It identifies perceptual updating and contingency awareness as key capabilities, curates datasets from sports broadcasting and egocentric interactions, and proposes the TRACE metric to jointly evaluate semantic similarity and temporal alignment. The authors also present VLM‑TSI, a model that interleaves visual and linguistic tokens in a time‑synchronized manner, achieving better performance than a strong baseline yet still showing modest overall results, underscoring the challenge of real‑time VLMs.

By Keunwoo Peter Yu, Joyce Chai
arXiv AI
Oct 15

Natural Language Generation from Visual Events: State-of-the-Art and Key Open Questions

The paper reviews recent work on natural language generation from visual events, emphasizing that tasks involving sequences of images or video frames are fundamentally about modeling complex relationships between evolving visual events and the language used to describe them. It surveys five related tasks, examines common modeling and evaluation methods, and highlights shared challenges across these tasks. The authors then outline key open questions and suggest future research directions to address these challenges.

By Aditya K Surikuchi, Raquel Fern\'andez, Sandro Pezzelle
arXiv Computer Vision
Sep 16

Video-HolmesV2: Can MLLMs Reason with Spatio-Temporal Audio-Visual Evidence in Long Videos?

Video-HolmesV2 is a new benchmark that tests multimodal large language models on their ability to reason with spatio‑temporal audio‑visual evidence in long videos. It requires models to justify answers with precise evidence, uses a multi‑model cross‑verification pipeline and a spatio‑temporal evidence‑aware metric, and introduces an audio‑text guided token compression framework to reduce long‑context noise. In evaluations, even strong proprietary models score below 60% while the proposed approach outperforms comparable open‑source omni‑models.

By Zhaoyang Wei, Zipeng Wang, Yushe Cao, Chenhui Qiang, Shuaibing Cheng, Xuesong Yang, Sen Nie, Bowen Jiang, Wenchao Ding, Yanchao Hao, Zheng Wei, Xuehui Yu, Zhenjun Han