arXiv Machine Learning

Learning vs. Optimizing Players in Budgeted Games

arXiv Machine Learning
Oct 22

The Price of Current-Effect Inference in Nonstationary Multi-Armed Bandits

The paper studies the trade‑off between maximizing rewards and accurately estimating current treatment effects in nonstationary multi‑armed bandits. For $K$‑armed bandits with H"older‑smooth mean rewards, the authors derive minimax bounds on expected dynamic regret under a high‑probability simultaneous coverage requirement for all current effects. They propose the TRACE algorithm, which achieves a regret–precision trade‑off that separates reward‑learning regret from the unavoidable cost of refreshing current‑effect estimates, and extend the method with an empirical‑Bernstein e‑process to adapt exploration while preserving worst‑case guarantees.

By Sharan Sahu, Martin T. Wells
arXiv Machine Learning
Oct 22

Learning to Allocate Resources with Censored Feedback

The paper addresses an online resource allocation problem where a budget must be distributed among multiple arms under censored feedback. Each arm yields a reward only if it is activated by an unknown Bernoulli process and the allocated budget exceeds a random threshold from an unknown parametric distribution. The authors establish a worst‑case regret lower bound of Σ(√T), propose the RA‑UCB algorithm achieving near‑optimal regret when the budget is known, and introduce MG‑UCB for unknown, round‑dependent budgets, validating both approaches experimentally.

By Giovanni Montanari, C\^ome Fiegel, Corentin Pla, Aadirupa Saha, Vianney Perchet
arXiv AI
Oct 28

Conservative Dueling Bandits: Preference Learning under Baseline Constraints

The paper introduces conservative contextual dueling bandits, which enforce that each displayed item’s cumulative score remains above a specified fraction of a trusted baseline’s score. It presents algorithms—MaxInP-BC for linear utilities and BTIGW-BC for general utilities—that guarantee safety with high probability while achieving sublinear regret. Experiments show these methods satisfy the safety constraint more reliably than unconstrained counterparts, with only a moderate increase in regret.

By Rohan Deb, Mohammad Ghavamzadeh, Arindam Banerjee
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 19

The concentration game: Bayesian updating, regret, and information

The paper introduces a two-player zero-sum repeated game between a learner and nature that simultaneously captures Bayesian updating and an exact decomposition of exponential-weights regret. The game’s terminal payoff reflects the maximum gain a comparator can achieve given a fixed relative entropy from the prior, while the one-step constraint limits nature’s move by an information budget. The resulting regret splits into three precise components—per-round information loss, an additive retempering drift, and the comparator’s information relative to the prior—providing a unified framework that explains concentration phenomena, large-deviation bounds, and various learning methods such as bandits, posterior sampling, aggregation, and boosting.

By Akshay Balsubramani
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 28

Shared Actors Need Not Share Critics: Effects of Value Mismatch in Parallel Reinforcement Learning

The paper investigates the problem of sharing a single critic across multiple parallel environments in reinforcement learning. It shows that when environments assign different expected returns to the same state, a shared critic must reconcile conflicting value targets, which can distort advantage estimates and misguide policy updates. The authors propose a simple fix—providing the critic with the environment index—demonstrating through bandit models and experiments on CartPole, MuJoCo, BipedalWalker, and 16 Procgen games that this conditional critic stabilizes learning and boosts returns, achieving a 40.8% improvement in aggregate normalized return on unseen levels.

By Zhenya Liu, Yang Meng, Zhuokai Zhao, Xuefeng Liu, Yuxin Chen