The paper introduces set difference captioning for autonomous driving datasets, aiming to generate natural‑language descriptions of differences between two image subsets. It adapts a two‑stage approach to focus on object‑centric patches, enabling attribution of differences to specific objects or categories. A new benchmark, AD‑Diff Bench, is presented to evaluate this method, especially for sparse, real‑world differences, and the authors provide open‑weight models and code for reproducibility.
arXiv:2606. 09362v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Re-Identification (ReID) in autonomous driving is typically formulated as a visual matching problem, where observations of vehicles, pedestrians, and cyclists are associated across time, frames, or camera views using learned appearance embeddings, often complemented by motion, geometric, or multimodal cues.
By Eduardo Borges, Manuel Abreu, Lu\'is Garrote, Urbano J. Nunes
arXiv:2410. 21361v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Domain adaptation has been extensively investigated in computer vision but still requires access to target data at the training time, which might be difficult to obtain in real-world autonomous driving scenarios, especially under rare or adverse conditions.
By Mohammad Fahes, Tuan-Hung Vu, Andrei Bursuc, Patrick P\'erez, Raoul de Charette
arXiv:2507. 19881v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Federated domain generalization has shown promising progress in image classification by enabling collaborative training across multiple clients without sharing raw data.
By Tao Lian, Jose L. G\'omez, Antonio M. L\'opez
arXiv:2606. 31603v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Semantic segmentation models struggle with data sparsity and rare or visually diverse regions, e.
By Nikolai R\"ohrich, Julian Glei{\ss}ner, Ahmed H. A. Ibrahim, Silvan Mertes, Tobias Huber
The paper introduces a framework that adapts a diffusion model to a target urban domain using only imperfect pseudo‑labels, enabling the generation of high‑fidelity, target‑aligned images from semantic maps of any synthetic dataset. By filtering poor generations, correcting image‑label misalignments, and standardising semantics, the method transforms low‑effort synthetic data into competitive real‑domain training sets. Experiments on five synthetic and two real datasets show up to +8.0 %pt mIoU improvement over state‑of‑the‑art translation methods, demonstrating that rapidly constructed synthetic datasets can match the performance of high‑effort, manually designed ones.
By Damjan Kal\v{s}an, Denis Zavadski, Tim K\"uchler, Haebom Lee, Stefan Roth, Carsten Rother
arXiv:2602. 18094v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Existing Visual-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved significant progress by being trained on massive-scale datasets, typically under the assumption that data are independent and identically distributed (IID).
By Ling Lin, Yang Bai, Heng Su, Congcong Zhu, Yaoxing Wang, Yang Zhou, Huazhu Fu, Jingrun Chen
arXiv:2606. 24759v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown strong potential for autonomous driving scene understanding, yet existing methods still face a fundamental trade-off between temporal reasoning and spatial precision.
By Xiaowei Gao, Pengxiang Li, Yitai Cheng, Ruihan Xu, James Haworth, Stephen Law, Yun Ye
SOCO is a new benchmark for Semantic Object Correspondence that introduces a taxonomy of correspondence types and provides consistent, functionally meaningful keypoint annotations across 100 categories and over 1M correspondence pairs. It also includes keypoint language descriptions, enabling evaluation of large vision‑language models and their fine‑grained part‑level understanding. Experiments show that vision foundation backbones encode strong semantic structure but transfer correspondences poorly across related categories, LVLMs excel at text‑prompted part localization but lag in visual‑reference matching, and correspondence performance predicts dense downstream tasks more strongly than ImageNet classification.
By Olaf D\"unkel, Basavaraj Sunagad, Haoran Wang, David T. Hoffmann, Christian Theobalt, Adam Kortylewski
arXiv:2607. 02269v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated immense promise in Spatio-Temporal Video Grounding (STVG).
By Rintaro Otsubo, Ryo Fujii, Reina Ishikawa, Taiki Kanaya, Kanta Sawafuji, Hiroki Kajita, Shigeki Sakai, Hideo Saito, Ryo Hachiuma
arXiv:2607. 00283v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Autonomous vehicles must safely navigate complex environments where planning-critical agents may be hidden from view.
By Amirhosein Chahe, Tyler Naes, Jovin D'sa, Faizan M. Tariq, Sangjae Bae, Lifeng Zhou, David Isele
arXiv:2607. 15216v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) often introduce errors when generating image captions, resulting in misaligned image-text pairs.
By Maya Varma, Jean-Benoit Delbrouck, Sophie Ostmeier, Akshay Chaudhari, Curtis Langlotz