The paper introduces "Destroy Me", a hybrid framework that generates realistic histopathology artifacts using Stable Diffusion and physics‑based modeling to create six common artifact types. Artifact realism is evaluated with KID and color Wasserstein metrics, and models trained on these augmented images outperform baselines on lung adenocarcinoma classification, achieving a 10.5% relative boost in macro F1‑score and a 15% increase in Cohen’s Kappa. The study highlights that selective, impact‑weighted augmentation is essential for enhancing robustness while preserving subtle diagnostic features.
By Zuzanna Krawczyk-Borysiak, Adam Krawczyk, Mateusz Miller, Gabriela Kaczmarek, S{\l}awomir Paku{\l}o, Ma{\l}gorzata Sok\'o{\l}, \.Zaneta Swiderska-Chadaj
arXiv:2609.00396v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Histopathological whole slide images (WSIs) are central to cancer diagnosis, but their gigapixel scale, tissue heterogeneity, weak slide-level supervis...
By Chad Wong, Sicheng Chen, Tianyi Zhang, Enhui Chai, Yueming Jin, Zeyu Liu, Fei Xia
AtlasPatch is a scalable, high‑throughput whole‑slide image preprocessing method that uses a foundation‑model‑based tissue detector operating at thumbnail resolution. By updating only 0.076% of the SAM2 model weights and leveraging a curated dataset of 30,000 thumbnail‑mask pairs, it generates accurate tissue masks and directly produces patch coordinates at the desired magnification, eliminating repeated patch‑level inference. The approach achieves 0.986 precision, is up to 16× faster than existing deep‑learning methods, and maintains downstream multiple‑instance learning performance across six slide‑level classification tasks.
By Ahmed Alagha, Christopher Leclerc, Yousef Kotp, Omar Metwally, Calvin Moras, Peter Rentopoulos, Ghodsiyeh Rostami, Bich Ngoc Nguyen, Jumanah Baig, Abdelhakim Khellaf, Vincent Quoc-Huy Trinh, Rabeb Mizouni, Hadi Otrok, Jamal Bentahar, Mahdi S. Hosseini
LanGuSTE is a patch‑selection framework for whole slide image analysis that uses vision‑language models and large language model knowledge. It introduces Cross‑Scale Visual Prompt Tuning to align low‑resolution and high‑resolution patches, and a coarse‑to‑fine selection module that encodes only informative high‑resolution patches. Experiments show LanGuSTE cuts overall processing time to about one‑third of the baseline while matching or surpassing diagnostic performance of exhaustive and state‑of‑the‑art methods.
By Yonghan Shin, Gangsu Kim, Won-Ki Jeong
arXiv:2606. 06983v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Computational pathology requires visual representations that transfer across diverse clinical endpoints and remain robust to variation in magnification, staining, scanner type, slide preparation, and input resolution.
By Bokai Zhao, Yiyang Zhang, Long Bai, Tai Ma, Hanqing Chao, Minfeng Xu
arXiv:2602. 21987v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Low-dose CT images are essential for reducing radiation exposure in cancer screening, pediatric imaging, and longitudinal monitoring protocols, but their quality is often degraded by noise from low-dose acquisition, patient motion, or scanner limitations, affecting both clinical interpretation and downstream analysis.
By Jitindra Fartiyal, Pedro Freire, Sergei K. Turitsyn, Sergei G. Solovski
Whole slide images (WSIs) in digital histopathology are acquired at discrete magnification levels encoding complementary diagnostic information from global tissue architecture to fine-grained cellular morphology. Yet, deep learning models remain sensitive to scale variation.
arXiv:2601. 08127v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Expert-annotated training data remains the critical bottleneck for AI in histopathology, particularly for rare pathologies where even dozens of cases may be unavailable.
By Mohamad Koohi-Moghadam, Mohammad-Ali Nikouei Mahani, Rex K. H. Au-Yeung, Raymond Yu O, Monalyn Marabi, Piyapharom Intarawichian, Fabian Z. X. Lean, Andrew Ferguson, Kyongtae Tyler Bae
arXiv:2607. 10783v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Whole-slide images (WSIs) provide rich tissue-level and cellular-level information, but storing and transmitting high-magnification pathology data is resource-intensive.
By Dung Minh Do, Nhat-Thanh Huynh, Duc Minh Huynh, Doanh C. Bui, Khang Nguyen
arXiv:2608. 03990v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Synthetic histopathology image generation has emerged as an approach that may address data scarcity in computational pathology, yet current evaluation methodologies may not fully assess synthetic data quality for medical applications.
By Seyed Kahaki, Shijie Li, Weijie Chen, Nicholas Petrick
The paper introduces MR‑DiffuSR, a 3‑D latent diffusion framework that uses high‑resolution T1w structural priors to guide super‑resolution of thick‑slice FLAIR MRI scans. By applying cross‑modality structural swin attention and a mixed‑scale degradation strategy, the method avoids hallucinations and remains robust across varying slice thicknesses. On ADNI datasets, MR‑DiffuSR outperforms CNN and 2‑D diffusion baselines, achieving high PSNR, SSIM, and low LPIPS, and maintains strong white‑matter hyperintensity segmentation performance even at 7 mm equivalent slice thickness.
By Haoyu Lan, Jiazhen Zhang, John Onofrey, Bino Varghese, Nasim Sheikh-Bahaei, Arthur W. Toga, Jeiran Choupan
InstEditSeg is a generative framework that treats medical segmentation as an instruction-driven image editing task. Instead of producing binary masks, it renders a color-coded overlay on the original image guided by textual instructions, leveraging latent diffusion models to align with natural image distributions and reduce domain gaps. The method incorporates a DINOv3 visual encoder and a multi-scale feature pyramid fused into the diffusion U‑Net, and uses a dual‑branch classifier‑free guidance strategy to lower inference cost, achieving competitive accuracy on polyp and skin lesion datasets while improving cross‑domain generalization and multi‑lesion segmentation.
By Ziquan Liu, Zhewei Zhu, Xuyang Shi