Policy optimisation, reward modelling and RLHF — how models are trained by feedback rather than by labels.
arXiv:2608. 13622v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Open-ended real-world interaction admits multiple valid behaviors: an agent may answer directly, ask for clarification, provide progress updates, or confirm before acting.
arXiv:2608. 13505v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Scientific discovery increasingly requires AI systems that can reason over scientific evidence of heterogeneous modalities, interact with scientific tools and environments, and sustain progress across long task horizons.
arXiv:2510. 22282v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Urban socio-economic sensing plays a vital role in advancing global sustainable development goals.
arXiv:2608. 12645v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM judges have become central infrastructure for model evaluations, online grading, and reward modeling.
arXiv:2608. 13345v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) safety systems combine character shaping (e.
arXiv:2605. 31034v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) and group-based policy optimization methods such as GRPO update a stochastic policy by sampling multiple completions per prompt and increasing the policy's probability on those with higher reward, regularized by a KL penalty toward a reference policy.
arXiv:2605. 08756v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Automatic heuristic design (AHD) has emerged as a promising paradigm for solving NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems (COPs).
arXiv:2608. 12564v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Automating empirical research is a long-standing direction of AI.
arXiv:2608. 12585v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Improving reasoning LLMs requires the ability to judge the quality of long reasoning traces for effective reasoning data curation, strong training signals during reinforcement learning, and an in-depth understanding of reasoning behaviors during model performance evaluation.
arXiv:2608. 12146v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Training Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models for reinforcement learning (RL) couples two load-balancing problems: sequence composition determines dense attention work in each data-parallel microbatch, while token routing determines sparse expert work on expert-parallel ranks.
arXiv:2608. 12436v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-AUV ad-hoc network-based target tracking requires networked autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) to cooperatively track maneuvering targets under constrained acoustic communication, dynamic topology, and uncertain ocean disturbances.
arXiv:2608. 13179v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) offers a verifier-bounded performance ceiling for training multi-turn tool-use agents, yet its trajectory-level credit assignment conflates heterogeneous per-turn outcomes into a single reward signal.
arXiv:2608. 12753v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study decentralized multi-player reinforcement learning in episodic tabular Markov decision processes (MDPs) under three forms of information asymmetry: (A) unobserved actions with common rewards, (B) observed actions with independent rewards, and (C) unobserved actions with independent rewards.
arXiv:2608. 12743v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Spatial intelligence is becoming a foundation for embodied agents, robotic planning, and multimodal assistants.
arXiv:2608. 12679v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in discovery domains such as math and science.
arXiv:2608. 12831v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Online platforms increasingly compare many adaptive decision policies---ranking systems, recommendation algorithms, pricing rules, and language-model agents---while each reward-bearing interaction can be costly or risky.
arXiv:2608. 12876v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Detecting AI-generated images is only half the task: a deployed detector must also justify its verdict, yet existing detectors inherit three failure modes from their training data: real and fake images collected from different sources invite provenance shortcuts, supervised explanation corpora teach templated rationales, and a static forgery corpus leaves the decision boundary standing still while generators keep moving.
arXiv:2608. 13069v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are predominantly aligned to function as passive, sycophantic assistants.
arXiv:2608. 12917v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Developing effective robot navigation methods in crowded environments is essential for real-world applications.
arXiv:2608. 12929v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The study presents a systematic machine learning (ML) study of 6G-IoT beamforming optimization (6GBO) using supervised and unsupervised approaches.