Large language models

Model releases, architecture work and prompting research on large language models — from frontier-lab announcements to the arXiv papers behind them.

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arXiv Machine Learning

Jul 1

Structure-Regularized Interpretable TCR-Epitope Prediction

arXiv:2606. 30902v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: T cell receptor (TCR)-epitope binding prediction is essential for understanding adaptive immunity and developing immunotherapies.

By Jiarui Li, Zixiang Yin, Yunbei Zhang, Janet Wang, Samuel J. Landry, Zhengming Ding, Ramgopal R. Mettu

llms rag benchmarks safety

arXiv AI

Jul 1

Understanding and Evaluating Claw-like Agent Security Through a Computer-Systems Lens

arXiv:2606. 30755v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Claw-like AI agents (e.

By Peizhi Niu, Wenjie Qu, Shangding Gu, Tianneng Shi, Yuankai Li, Ahmad Tawaha, Hend Alzahrani, Vincent Siu, Boyi Li, Chenguang Wang, Jiaheng Zhang, Basel Alomair, Ming Jin, Muhao Chen, Chi Wang, Costas Spanos, Dawn Song

llms agents benchmarks safety

arXiv AI

Jul 1

QVal: Cheaply Evaluating Dense Supervision Signals for Long-Horizon LLM Agents

arXiv:2606. 32034v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLM agents increasingly act over long horizons, where a single trajectory can contain hundreds or thousands of actions.

By Sergio Hern\'andez-Guti\'errez, Matteo Merler, Ilze Amanda Auzina, Joschka Str\"uber, Ameya Prabhu, Matthias Bethge

llms rag agents efficiency benchmarks

arXiv Machine Learning

Jul 1

FlexViT: A Flexible FPGA-based Accelerator for Edge Vision Transformers

arXiv:2606. 31938v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Deploying Vision Transformer (ViT) models on edge platforms remains challenging due to their high computational demands and the architectural heterogeneity of modern hybrid ViT models, which incorporate both fully connected and convolutional layers.

By Hubert Dymarkowski, Xingjian Fu, Rappy Saha, Jude Haris, Jos\'e Cano

llms computer-vision efficiency

arXiv AI

Jul 1

PolicyGuard: From Organizational Policies to Neuro-SymbolicCompliance Review Engines

arXiv:2606. 32004v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Policy-grounded document review requires determining whether a target document complies with organization-specific policies, guidelines, or playbooks.

By Sameer Malik, Ayush Singh, Amar Prakash Azad

llms

arXiv Machine Learning

Jul 1

Fork-Think with Confidence

arXiv:2606. 31484v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Parallel thinking has enjoyed great success for boosting LLM performance on reasoning tasks without the need for any re-training.

By Zena Al-Khalili, Rafi Hakim, Dietrich Klakow, Ji-Ung Lee

llms benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jul 1

BEST-RQ-2: Contextualize-Then-Predict, a Two-Step Approach for Self-Supervised Audio Representations

arXiv:2606. 30700v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Self-supervised learning enables audio representations that transfer across domains and tasks.

By Ludovic K. Tuncay (IRIT-SAMoVA), Etienne Labb\'e (IRIT-SAMoVA), Thomas Pellegrini (IRIT-SAMoVA)

llms benchmarks

arXiv Machine Learning

Jul 1

ElemeNet: Multiscale Molecular Machine Learning with Uncertainty Quantification Across the Periodic Table

arXiv:2606. 30961v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Advances in deep learning architectures and representations have enabled ML-driven chemical property prediction, but state-of-the-art (SOTA) models have remained largely confined to independent codebases and lack support for diverse chemical species.

By Jacob W. Toney, Samir Darouich, Yiran Wang, Aaron G. Garrison, Johannes K\"astner, Heather J. Kulik

llms benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jul 1

LLM-Driven Personalities for Decision Making in Emergency Simulations

arXiv:2606. 31038v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: For virtual humans to appear believable, they must exhibit agency and spatial awareness while interacting with their environment in ways that reflect competence and intelligence.

By Stefano Calzolari, Rubens Montanha, Gabriel Schneider, Gustavo Wide, Paulo Knob, Francesco Strada, Andrea Bottino, Soraia Raupp Musse

llms agents

arXiv AI

Jul 1

RAISE: LLM-based Automated Heuristic Design with Robust Adversary Instance Search

arXiv:2606. 31801v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Automated Heuristic Design (AHD) with Large Language Models (LLMs) has shown remarkable progress in discovering high-quality heuristics.

By Fei Liu, Alessio Figalli, Patrick Owen, Nicola Serra

llms safety

arXiv AI

Jul 1

A Modular Vision-Language-Action Robotics Framework for Indoor Environments

arXiv:2606. 31144v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper presents an integrated system for the CMU Vision-Language-Action (VLA) Challenge, designed to enable an autonomous agent to perform complex tasks based on natural language instructions.

By Anindya Jana, Snehasis Banerjee, Arup Sadhu, Ranjan Dasgupta

llms rag agents robotics multimodal

arXiv AI

Jul 1

CoReLIN: Constraint-based Reasoning for Zero-shot Lifelong Interactive Navigation

arXiv:2602. 20055v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Robot navigation typically assumes an obstacle-free path exists between start and goal.

By Apoorva Vashisth (Purdue University), Manav Kulshrestha (Purdue University), Pranav Bakshi (IIT Kharagpur), Damon Conover (DEVCOM Army Research Lab), Guillaume Sartoretti (National University of Singapore), Aniket Bera (Purdue University)

llms robotics

arXiv AI

Jul 1

LUNA: Learning Universal 3D Human Animation Beyond Skinning

arXiv:2606. 31981v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Creating photorealistic, animatable 3D human avatars from monocular images still largely depends on Linear Blend Skinning (LBS) and parametric body models, which constrain expressivity and often introduce artifacts due to imperfect fitting.

By Peng Li, Rawal Khirodkar, Junxuan Li, Yuan Dong, Chen Cao, Yuan Liu, Wenhan Luo, Yike Guo, Shunsuke Saito

llms

arXiv AI

Jul 1

Listening Between the Lines: Joint Learning of ASR Embeddings and LLM-Augmented Linguistics for Dementia Detection

arXiv:2606. 30675v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Early detection of dementia through speech analysis offers a non-invasive screening alternative, but capturing both acoustic and linguistic biomarkers remains challenging.

By Olivier Jiyoun Jung, Jonghyeon Park, Myungwoo Oh

llms rag multimodal benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jul 1

ACE: Pluggable Adaptive Context Elasticizer across Agents

arXiv:2606. 31564v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The increasing complexity of agentic tasks has led to rapidly growing trajectory lengths, which poses significant challenges for large language model (LLM) based agents with fixed context windows.

By Ning Liao, Zihao Long, Xiaoxing Wang, Xue Yang, Yaoming Wang, Ziyuan Zhuang, Xunliang Cai, Rongxiang Weng, Junchi Yan

llms agents nlp

arXiv AI

Jul 1

AgRefactor: Self-Evolving Agentic Workflow for HLS Compatibility and Performance

arXiv:2606. 30949v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: High-Level Synthesis (HLS) provides a fast path from concepts to silicon, but converting real-world software into synthesizable HLS code remains challenging due to restrictive language support and the gap between software and hardware programming practices.

By Yang Zou, Zijian Ding, Yizhou Sun, Jason Cong

llms agents benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jul 1

TSHA: A Benchmark for Visual Language Models in Trustworthy Safety Hazard Assessment Scenarios

arXiv:2603. 29759v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have accelerated their application to indoor safety hazards assessment.

By Qiucheng Yu, Ruijie Xu, Mingang Chen Jianfeng Dong, Xin Tan

llms multimodal benchmarks safety

arXiv AI

Jul 1

Learning by Surprise: Adaptive Mitigation of Model Collapse in Large Language Models

arXiv:2410. 12341v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: As AI-generated content increasingly populates the web, generative AI models are at growing risk of being trained on their own outputs, a process known as AI autophagy.

By Daniele Gambetta, Gizem Gezici, Fosca Giannotti, Dino Pedreschi, Alistair Knott, Luca Pappalardo

llms fine-tuning

arXiv AI

Jul 1

Towards Inclusive Mobility Modeling: Characterizing and Evaluating Elderly Trajectory Patterns in Urban Systems

arXiv:2606. 31207v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The rapid advance of smart cities increasingly depends on trajectory data mining, yet underrepresented demographic groups, particularly the elderly, are often sparsely represented in public mobility datasets.

By Zhengxuan Wang, Haohan He, Mengying Zhou

llms fine-tuning safety

arXiv AI

Jul 1

Mantis: Lightweight Foundation Model for Time Series Classification

arXiv:2502. 15637v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: While foundation models have revolutionized various domains, their application to time series classification remains rather under-explored, with existing literature predominantly focused on forecasting.

By Vasilii Feofanov, Songkang Wen, Shifeng Xie, Simon Roschmann, Marius Alonso, Hongbo Guo, Romain Ilbert, Malik Tiomoko, Quentin Bouniot, Zeynep Akata, Lujia Pan, Jianfeng Zhang, Ievgen Redko

llms rag nlp benchmarks

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