Large language models

Model releases, architecture work and prompting research on large language models — from frontier-lab announcements to the arXiv papers behind them.

19,764 stories · RSS feed

arXiv AI

Jul 22

Dynamic Loss Balancing for Joint SOH and RUL Prediction of Lithium-Ion Batteries via a Rotary SOH-Injected Prior Battery Transformer

arXiv:2607. 18329v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The deployment of reliable lithium-ion battery management systems is crucial for accelerating electrification, yet the joint prognosis of State of Health (SOH) and Remaining Useful Life (RUL) remains severely hindered by task heteroscedasticity.

By Shuhao Chen, Tianyu Shi, Yiwen Huang, Chengyi Tu

llms rag benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jul 22

Copy Less, Ground More: Overcoming Repetitive Copying in Long-Context Reasoning via Evidence-Aware Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2607. 19345v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models that generate step-by-step reasoning traces have achieved strong performance on complex tasks, and extending them to long-context settings has emerged as an important frontier.

By Lizhe Fang, Weizhou Shen, Tianyi Tang, Yisen Wang

llms reinforcement-learning benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jul 22

Calibrated Selective Fact-Checking via Evidence Chain Evaluation

arXiv:2607. 18240v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) can achieve strong fact-checking accuracy, yet forced binary decisions conceal a critical reliability problem: systems may issue confident verdicts even when supporting evidence is weak, sparse, or internally inconsistent.

By Dekun Yang

llms agents safety

arXiv Machine Learning

Jul 22

Optimizing Regret

arXiv:2607. 18866v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Building on the identity that expected regret equals the covariance between costs and decisions, this paper develops the complete derivative theory of the covariance regret functional.

By Irene Aldridge

llms

arXiv AI

Jul 22

From Dependency to Compositionality: A Neurosymbolic Lifting of LLM Outputs via Combinatory Categorial Grammar

arXiv:2607. 18961v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) generate fluent text by incrementally predicting the next token from a prefix.

By Remo Pareschi

llms data-engineering

arXiv AI

Jul 22

PhoenixRepair: Rethinking Repair Strategy Exploration in Software Agents

arXiv:2607. 18859v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While Large Language Models have greatly advanced automated issue resolution, existing agent-based methods exhibit a fundamental limitation in their insufficient exploration of repair strategies.

By Tianyue Jiang, Yanlin Wang, Xin He, Daya Guo, Jiachi Chen, Ming Wen, Ensheng Shi, Xilin Liu, Yuchi Ma, Guanbin Li

llms agents

arXiv AI

Jul 22

Mage-Flow: An Efficient Native-Resolution Foundation Model for Image Generation and Editing

arXiv:2607. 19064v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large-scale visual generators are increasingly capable but costly to train, fine-tune, and deploy.

By Xinjie Zhang, Peng Zhang, Shicheng Zheng, Jinghao Guo, Zhaoyang Jia, Yifei Shen, Xun Guo, Yuxuan Luo, Jiahao Li, Wenxuan Xie, Fanyi Pu, Xiaoyi Zhang, Kaichen Zhang, Zongyu Guo, Tianci Bi, Dongnan Gui, Zhening Liu, Zimo Wen, Zihan Zheng, Senqiao Yang, Xiao Li, Jinglu Wang, Bin Li, Yan Lu

llms diffusion nlp reinforcement-learning fine-tuning efficiency multimodal benchmarks safety

arXiv AI

Jul 22

Relay-Bench: Evaluating LLMs on Multi-Domain Reasoning Chains

arXiv:2607. 18438v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Introducing Relay-Bench, an unsaturated, holistic, text-only benchmark that measures LLMs' ability to complete an assortment of tasks from distinct domains in a single prompt.

By Liam Swayne

llms multimodal benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jul 22

Beyond Accuracy and Cost: Latency-Aware LLM Query Routing for Dynamic Workloads

arXiv:2607. 18253v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern language query routers improve inference efficiency by assigning each query to a model that balances response quality and monetary cost.

By Shivam Patel, Akaash R. Parthasarathy, Ankur Mallick, Gauri Joshi

llms

arXiv AI

Jul 22

SysAdmin: Measuring Instrumental Power-Seeking in Frontier AI

arXiv:2607. 18239v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Power-seeking defined as behaviors where AI systems acquire resources, evade oversight, or resist termination beyond task requirements is identified as a key driver of Loss of Control (LoC) risk.

By Mana Azarm, Qiyao Wei, Rahul Nambiar

llms agents benchmarks safety

arXiv AI

Jul 22

MILP-Evo: Closed-Loop Fully Automatic Design of MILP Solvers

arXiv:2607. 18252v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Machine learning methods have shown that data-driven policies can accelerate mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) solvers, but many such approaches remain difficult to inspect, adapt, and deploy because the learned policy is represented as an external predictor or other opaque model.

By Jinbiao Nie, Kewei Feng, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Shan Yin, Zizhuo Wang, Bin Dong

llms benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jul 22

Using LLMs for Explainable, Data-Driven Insight Generation from Time Series

arXiv:2607. 18271v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Time series forecasts are widely used in decision-critical domains, where they are rarely consumed without accompanying explanations.

By Ria Mundhra, Gustavo Sato dos Santos, Michael Benedikt

llms fine-tuning safety

arXiv Machine Learning

Jul 22

Relative Positions Generalize, Absolute Positions Memorize: An Implicit-Bias Account of Length Generalization in Attention

arXiv:2607. 18759v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Transformers with relative positional encodings often extrapolate to sequences longer than those seen during training, whereas transformers with learned absolute encodings typically do not.

By Subham Singh, Ashutosh Mishra, Subha Raut

llms safety

arXiv Machine Learning

Jul 22

Pain in 3D: Generating Controllable Synthetic Faces for Automated Pain Assessment

arXiv:2509. 16727v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Automated pain assessment from facial expressions is crucial for non-communicative patient.

By Xin Lei Lin, Soroush Mehraban, Abhishek Moturu, Babak Taati

llms diffusion computer-vision

arXiv AI

Jul 22

An Analysis of Residual-Stream Geometry Across Transformer Depth

arXiv:2607. 18348v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose a transition-centred geometric analysis of transformer residual streams.

By Sunit Bhattacharya, Ravi Shankar Kolli

llms

arXiv AI

Jul 22

AI Tour Meeting: Group Travel Planning by LLM Agents

arXiv:2607. 18806v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper proposes AI Tour Meeting, a group travel planning framework powered by multiple Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents.

By Daisuke Kikuta

llms agents

arXiv Machine Learning

Jul 22

ROMS-IMLE: A Minimalist Approach to Competitive Single-Step Generative Modelling

arXiv:2607. 19332v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generative models have undergone many generations of evolution, from VAEs/GANs to diffusion/flow matching.

By Chirag Vashist, Ke Li

llms diffusion safety

arXiv AI

Jul 22

Learning to Make Friends: Coaching LLM Agents toward Emergent Social Ties

arXiv:2510. 19299v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Can large language model (LLM) agents reproduce the complex social dynamics that characterize human online behavior -- shaped by homophily, reciprocity, and social validation -- and what memory and learning mechanisms enable such dynamics to emerge?

By Philipp J. Schneider, Lin Tian, Marian-Andrei Rizoiu

llms agents

arXiv AI

Jul 22

PRISP: Privacy-Safe Few-Shot Personalization via Lightweight Adaptation

arXiv:2601. 06471v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language model (LLM) personalization aims to adapt general-purpose models to individual users.

By Junho Park, Dohoon Kim, Taesup Moon

llms fine-tuning benchmarks safety

arXiv Machine Learning

Jul 22

Multi-Agent Inverted Transformer for Flight Trajectory Prediction

arXiv:2509. 21004v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Flight trajectory prediction for multiple aircraft is essential and provides critical insights into how aircraft navigate within current air traffic flows.

By Seokbin Yoon, Keumjin Lee

llms agents

Get the daily briefing