Large language models

Model releases, architecture work and prompting research on large language models — from frontier-lab announcements to the arXiv papers behind them.

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arXiv AI
Jul 29

Towards an Agent Operating System - Lessons from Classical and Cloud OS

arXiv:2607. 25076v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Every major wave of platform software follows the same arc: an initial period of experimentation with competing frameworks and ad-hoc implementations, followed by the articulation of a small set of stable abstractions with well-defined semantics, and finally consolidation around those abstractions into a platform that applications can portably target.

By Gosia Steinder, Hubertus Franke
arXiv AI
Jul 29

Everyone is unique: Towards Behaviorally Heterogeneous Negotiation Dialogue Systems for Debt Collection

arXiv:2607. 25218v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Debt collection is a critical negotiation task in the financial industry, with strong practical relevance and exceptional academic value as a behaviorally rich, high-stakes testbed for human-centered dialogue systems.

By Yuhang Yang, Kai Tang, Chao Ye, Haobo Wang, Qiqi Luo, Jinguang Zheng, Zhixin Zhang
arXiv AI
Jul 29

Toward an Organizational Science of Multi-Agent LLM Systems: Decoupling Who, How, and Which Algorithm

arXiv:2607. 25446v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-agent frameworks built on large language models (LLMs) routinely entangle three logically distinct concerns: who is on the team (organization), how members align (coordination), and which algorithm fuses their work (collaboration protocol).

By Huan Chen, Xiang Song, Jian Jin, Pan Ren, Liang-Jie Zhang
arXiv AI
Jul 29

Large Language Model for Operations Research Formulation Selection in Multi-Warehouse Inventory Allocation

arXiv:2607. 25956v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-warehouse inventory allocation is typically formulated as a mixed-integer programming (MIP) problem, yet no single formulation consistently matches heterogeneous instance-level regimes induced by demand concentration, inventory imbalance, replenishment scale, service constraints, and forecast volatility.

By Jintao Xu, Yingzheng Ma, Jiong Dong, Yongzhi Qi, Jianshen Zhang
arXiv AI
Jul 29

Early Detection of Distributed Backdoors in Multi-Agent LLM Systems: A Characterization Study

arXiv:2607. 24893v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multi-agent LLM systems can be attacked by a payload that no single agent ever holds in full: a poisoned tool hides encrypted fragments in its observations, spreads them across several agents, and an external step reassembles and executes them after the run.

By Diego Fernandez Arias, Dev Prashant Mistry, Ren Wang, Yibo Hu
arXiv AI
Jul 29

Architectural Backdoors in Vision-Language Model Supply Chains via Representation Steering

arXiv:2607. 25479v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision--Language Models (VLMs) are increasingly deployed through a model supply chain in which pretrained checkpoints, architecture definitions, text encoders, and exported computation graphs are distributed by third parties and reused across downstream services.

By Maria Rosaria Briglia, Igor Maljkovic, Antonio Emanuele Cin\`a, Luca Oneto, Iacopo Masi, Fabio Roli