The paper presents a method that derives BI‑RADS descriptors from breast MRI segmentation masks and uses a large language model to generate natural‑language rationales grounded in those descriptors. A BI‑RADS decision tree with eight quantitative radiomic measurements, lesion size, and component count informs the descriptors, which are then verbalised by the model. Applying this framework to 1,506 cases in the MAMA‑MIA dataset produced 3,012 reproducible BI‑RADS rationales with high faithfulness (99.98%) and counterfactual accuracy (99.3%).
arXiv:2511. 20956v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Breast ultrasound (BUS) reporting relies on clinically meaningful lesion descriptors, including BI-RADS category, lesion shape, margin, echogenicity, posterior features, pathology, and histology.
arXiv:2607. 05880v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Imaging demand is growing faster than the radiology workforce can expand, and reporting backlogs cannot be resolved through training and recruitment alone.
arXiv:2609.14676v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Purpose: To compare four multimodal large language models (MLLMs) with radiologists of varying expertise in breast density assessment, BI-RADS assessme...
OncoVision is a privileged‑information training framework that learns from mammography images and clinical data during training but performs inference using only mammographic images. It employs an attention‑based encoder‑decoder to jointly segment masses, calcifications, axillary findings, and breast tissue, and predicts ten structured clinical features such as BI‑RADS. Two late‑fusion strategies (Independent and Dependent) integrate imaging, radiomic, and clinical information to improve diagnostic precision, and a retrospective multi‑reader study showed higher diagnostic confidence, reduced reading time, and segmentation accuracy comparable to or better than radiologists.
arXiv:2606. 28392v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Accurate lesion segmentation in PET/CT is critical for oncology, yet remains challenging because physiologic tracer uptake and artifacts can mimic malignant signal.
arXiv:2610.08528v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Clinical diagnosis is inherently a structured reasoning process, yet existing deep learning models often bypass this structure by mapping image featu...
Med-AR introduces two autoregressive vision‑language models, Med‑AR‑8B and Med‑AR‑2B, pretrained on structured radiology reports, abnormality‑focused text, and region annotations to address long‑tailed chest X‑ray classification. The models outperform existing contrastive, self‑supervised, and supervised encoders—including Med‑CLIP, CheXFound, EVA‑Base, ARK, and BioViL‑T—across PadChest, MIMIC‑CXR, and CheXpert, achieving higher mean AUROC and AUPRC for head, medium, and tail findings and lower excess area under the risk‑coverage curve. Med‑AR also demonstrates improved selective‑prediction performance, with Med‑AR‑8B raising tail‑label mean AUPRC on MIMIC‑CXR from 0.1033 to 0.1441 and Med‑AR‑2B delivering the strongest discrimination on PadChest.
The paper presents an optimal‑transport based generative model that learns the distributional differences between healthy and diseased patients, producing per‑patient counterfactuals and label‑free attribution heatmaps. On tabular breast cancer data the model achieves high malignancy scoring (AUROC ≈ 0.91) and its attributions correlate moderately with a supervised classifier, yet it does not surpass logistic regression. In chest X‑ray experiments the transport heatmaps capture population‑level signals but fail to localize real lesions, revealing a synthetic‑to‑real gap that challenges the reliability of label‑free explanations.
This study evaluates the classification accuracy of six modern deep‑learning architectures—VGG19, ResNet50, GoogleNet, ConvNeXt, EfficientNet, and Vision Transformers—on breast ultrasound images categorized by BI‑RADS. Using 2,945 training images and 936 validation images from 1,540 patients, the models were tested in full fine‑tuning, linear evaluation, and training‑from‑scratch settings. The best performance was achieved with full fine‑tuning, yielding 76.39 % accuracy and a 67.94 % F1 score.
The paper introduces MedDream, a radiographic world model that learns a shared continuous latent state from paired chest radiograph-text observations. MedDream outperforms existing diagnostic and generative AI models across eight clinical datasets, improving diagnostic reasoning, resident concordance, and evidence generation. Targeted synthetic augmentation guided by subgroup performance gaps further enhances model performance, particularly for Asian patients.
arXiv:2609.01470v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As AI systems are increasingly used to draft radiology reports, reliably evaluating their clinical quality remains a critical challenge. Large language...
NV-Reason-CT is a generative vision‑language model designed for chest and abdominal CT analysis that preserves native 3D visual encoding and incorporates radiologist‑guided reasoning. The system couples a 3D vision transformer with a language model, feeding all visual tokens and their 3D coordinates directly into language decoding to maintain volumetric spatial information. Trained on a curated corpus of about 550,000 multimodal instruction examples, the model supports abnormality classification, report generation, and interactive reasoning, achieving strong performance on CT benchmarks and reducing expert interpretation time by 50%.