arXiv:2606. 06407v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Medical imaging artificial intelligence has achieved strong performance in isolated image interpretation, but remains poorly aligned with radiological practice, where diagnosis and follow-up rely on comparison across prior studies and analogous reference cases.
By Tengfei Zhang, Ziheng Zhao, Lisong Dai, Xiaoman Zhang, Pengcheng Qiu, Ya Zhang, Yanfeng Wang, Weidi Xie
arXiv:2605.07785v3 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) in medical imaging aim to improve model interpretability by predicting intermediate clinical concepts before final...
By Amy Rafferty, Rishi Ramaesh, Ajitha Rajan
arXiv:2604. 26283v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: High-precision medical diagnosis relies not only on static imaging features but also on the implicit diagnostic memory experts instantly invoke during image interpretation.
By Chunzheng Zhu, Jiaqi Zeng, Junyu Jiang, Jianxin Lin, Yijun Wang
arXiv:2608. 03890v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A clinically useful chest X-ray system must go beyond fluent report generation: it should classify findings with tunable decision thresholds, localize them spatially, and derive the anatomical measurements upon which many diagnoses depend.
By Mercy Prasanna Ranjit, Anirban Porya, Sathvik Joel, Niharika Vadlamudi, Nikhilesh Chowdary Eathamukkala, Prasanth V V, Abhyuday Kumara Swamy, Pranay Narhari Umredkar, Pradeep Narayan, Vivek Rajagopal, Tanuja Ganu
arXiv:2606. 02035v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Medical imaging interpretation is a foundational pillar of modern clinical diagnostics, yet the manual generation of radiology reports remains a time-consuming process prone to interpretation inconsistencies.
By Yogesh Kumar Meena, Saurabh Agarwal, K. V. Arya
arXiv:2606. 14766v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Autonomous medical and robotic systems increasingly rely on intelligent perception and reasoning capabilities to interpret visual data and support clinical decision making.
By Hamza Riaz, Arham Haroon, Maha Baig, Muhammad Dawood Rizwan, Muhammad Naseer Bajwa, Muhammad Moazam Fraz
arXiv:2604. 15231v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Vision-language models (VLM) have markedly advanced AI-driven interpretation and reporting of complex medical imaging, such as computed tomography (CT).
By M\'elanie Roschewitz, Kenneth Styppa, Yitian Tao, Jiwoong Sohn, Jean-Benoit Delbrouck, Benjamin Gundersen, Nicolas Deperrois, Christian Bluethgen, Julia E. Vogt, Bjoern Menze, Farhad Nooralahzadeh, Michael Krauthammer, Michael Moor
arXiv:2608.22323v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: The application of Large Language Models (LLMs) to diagnostic decision-making has garnered growing interest. However, existing benchmarks largely focus...
By Lai Wei, Yuchao Chen, Zhenbiao Cao, Xiaojin Zhang, Zhongyu Wei, Bangting Wang, Wei Chen, Xiang Bai
arXiv:2606. 19460v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce the first generative foundation model for chest radiograph synthesis trained from scratch at the billion-parameter scale.
By Fabio De Sousa Ribeiro, Emma A. M. Stanley, Charles Jones, Tian Xia, Dominic C. Marshall, Laurent Renard Trich\'e, Christopher V. Cosgriff, Panagiotis Dimitrakopoulos, Sotirios A. Tsaftaris, Ben Glocker
arXiv:2606. 28164v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Echocardiography is the most widely used non-invasive cardiac imaging modality, providing essential information for cardiovascular diagnosis.
By Darya Taratynova, Ahmed Aly, Numan Saeed, Mohammad Yaqub
arXiv:2605. 22547v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Medical image diagnosis has achieved significant progress with deep learning, yet existing methods often rely on isolated visual evidence and lack the ability to effectively leverage similar cases and external knowledge.
By Yiming Xu, Yixuan Liu, Yuhang Zhang, Ling Zheng, Yihan Wang, Qi Song
arXiv:2607. 26333v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Chest X-ray (CXR) machine learning relies heavily on automated evaluation using reference standards that aim to approximate clinical judgment.
By Panagiotis Fytas, Ian Selby, Clemens Karner, Judith Babar, Simon Baker, Jake Beckford, Timothy J. Sadler, Shahab Shahipasand, Arthikkaa Thavakumar, John Li Chen, Alex Sawer, Michael Roberts, Jonathan Weir-McCall, J. H. F. Rudd, Carola-Bibiane Sch\"onlieb, Anna Korhonen, Anna Breger