arXiv AI

Robust Renal Mass Segmentation on CT: A Validation Study of an AI-Based Framework

arXiv:2505. 07573v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Renal mass segmentation has important potential to enhance the clinical workflow, especially in settings requiring quantitative assessments.

arXiv AI
Jul 7

Semantic Segmentation-Driven Image-Level Diagnosis of Liver Cancers in Hematoxylin and Eosin Histopathology Images

arXiv:2607. 03253v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining constitutes the primary entry point in routine diagnostic workflows, computer-aided diagnosis from whole-slide H&E images is of particular clinical relevance.

By Ivica Kopriva, Dario Sitnik, Arijana Pacic, Karolina Krstanac, Irena Veliki Dalic, Marijana Popovic Hadzija
arXiv AI
Jun 2

Pre-Deployment Robustness Stress Testing for CT Segmentation Systems Using Clinically Motivated Multi-Corruption Augmentation

arXiv:2606. 00491v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Deep learning-based CT segmentation systems often achieve high accuracy on clean benchmark images, but their performance may degrade under heterogeneous clinical imaging conditions such as noise, resolution loss, contrast variation, intensity shift, and artifacts.

By CholMin Kang, Jonghyun Chung, Amanpreet Kaurb, Nagesh Gulkotwarb, Arthi Sivasankaranb
arXiv AI
Jun 17

SegTME-UNI2: A Foundation Model-Based Framework for Generalisable Multiclass Cell Segmentation and LLM-Driven Tumour Microenvironment Characterisation in Histopathology

arXiv:2606. 17702v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Characterising the tumour microenvironment (TME) from routine H&E-stained histology images requires simultaneous cell segmentation, feature extraction, and interpretable clinical reporting.

By Wan Siti Halimatul Munirah Wan Ahmad, Faris Syahmi Samidi, Mohammad Badal Ahmmed, Vimal Angela Thiviyanathan, Selvam James Thavaraj, Anwar P. P. Abdul Majeed
arXiv AI
1d ago

Comprehensive Benchmarking of Deep Learning Architectures for Lung Cancer Histopathology

arXiv:2608. 15915v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, while histopathological diagnosis is often affected by inter-observer variability and the substantial workload associated with manual slide examination.

By Hadi Hasan, Safaa Salman, Lama Sleem, Ralph Mouawad, Ali Chehab
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 28

Trustworthy Medical Segmentation: Uncertainty-Aware U-Net Evaluation Under Clinical Image Degradation

arXiv:2607. 22727v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Medical image segmentation models often report high benchmark accuracy under ideal imaging conditions, yet their failures under clinical degradation can be quiet: sensor noise, patient motion, low- resolution acquisition, and contrast variability may all alter model behavior without producing an obvious warning.

By Pranav Kaliaperumal, Manisha Kaliaperumal
arXiv Machine Learning
1d ago

AMPLIFAI: A Multiphase CT Dataset for Benchmarking Clinical Reasoning in LI-RADS Assessment of Liver Lesions

arXiv:2608. 14778v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with early detection improving survival from 70\%.

By Pranav Kulkarni, Nikhil Shah, Amritansh Suryavanshi, Jana Delfino, James Tonascia, Jade Wong-You-Cheong, Barton Lane, Joseph Chirico, Jeffrey D. Hirsch, Ang Li, Heng Huang, Florence X. Doo
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 16

A Multi-Center Benchmark for Abdominal Disease Diagnosis and Report Generation from Non-Contrast CT

arXiv:2606. 16991v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multiphasic contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) is widely used for abdominal lesion characterization, yet it carries inherent risks of contrast-induced nephropathy, escalates acquisition burden, and heavily contributes to radiologist workload.

By Mariam Elbakry, Aliaa Sayed Sheha, Salma Hassan Tantawy, Aya Yassin, Concetto Spampinato, Karim Lekadir, Xiaomeng Li, Marawan Elbatel
arXiv AI
Jun 8

Mitosis Detection in the Wild: Multi-Tumor and Context-Aware Generalization in the MIDOG 2025 Challenge

arXiv:2606. 07368v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Automated mitosis detection is a well-established task in computational pathology.

By Marc Aubreville, Jonas Ammeling, Sweta Banerjee, Viktoria Weiss, Taryn A. Donovan, Robert Klopfleisch, Jiaqi Lv, Shan E Ahmed Raza, Rapha\"el Bourgade, Thomas Walter, Yasemin Topuz, Song\"ul Varl{\i}, Charles-Antoine Collins-Fekete, Zhuoyan Shen, Navya Sri Kelam, Nitin Singhal, Christian Marzahl, Brian Napora, Tengyou Xu, Hongyan Gu, Mario Vento, Gennaro Percannella, Norbert Ropiak, Izabela Wasiak, Jie Xiao, Shaojun Liu, Seungho Choe, April Khademi, Vidushi Walia, Sujatha Kotte, Andrew Broad, Alex Wright, Guillaume Balezo, Esha Sadia Nasir, Mostafa Jahanifar, Yosuke Yamagishi, Shouhei Hanaoka, Mattia Sarno, Francesco Tortorella, Biwen Meng, Jingxin Liu, Sara Krauss, Daniel Hieber, Lavish Ramchandani, Dev Kumar Das, Mieko Ochi, Yuan Bae, Piotr Giedziun, Mateusz Maniewski, Vangala Govindakrishnan Saipradeep, Naveen Sivadasan, Leire Benito-Del-Valle, Adrian Galdran, Kaustubh Atey, Sameer Anand Jha, Adinath Dukre, Imran Razzak, Maxime W. Lafarge, Viktor H. Koelzer, Nils Porsche, Nikolas Stathonikos, Mitko Veta, Dominik Hirling, Zsanett Zs\'ofia Iv\'an, Peter Horvath, Katharina Breininger, Christof A. Bertram
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 5

Assessment of Conditional Diffusion Model for Synthetic Histopathology Image Generation

arXiv:2608. 03990v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Synthetic histopathology image generation has emerged as an approach that may address data scarcity in computational pathology, yet current evaluation methodologies may not fully assess synthetic data quality for medical applications.

By Seyed Kahaki, Shijie Li, Weijie Chen, Nicholas Petrick