arXiv Computer Vision

Curating Synthetic Data for Task-Specific Visual Perception

arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 4

A Real-Calibrated Synthetic-First Data Engine

The paper introduces the Real‑Calibrated Synthetic‑First Data Engine, a modular pipeline that integrates controllable diffusion‑based synthetic image generation with multi‑stage curation, filtering, and optional uncertainty‑driven selection and human verification. Designed as a CLI‑based framework, it allows independent configuration of generation, filtering, selection, and validation modules to enhance reproducibility and flexibility in real‑world data workflows. Empirical tests on human pose estimation demonstrate that synthetic data can boost a real‑data baseline when used as low‑cost augmentation, though synthetic‑only training still lags behind real‑only performance, underscoring the importance of data‑centric orchestration in low‑data regimes.

By Yukang Shen, Zhiguo Liu, Yingshu Li, Yan Huang
arXiv Computer Vision
Sep 4

PoseDreamer: Scalable and Photorealistic Human Data Generation Pipeline with Diffusion Models

PoseDreamer is a new pipeline that uses diffusion models to generate large‑scale synthetic datasets for 3D human mesh estimation, providing 3D mesh annotations that remain aligned with the generated images. The system incorporates controllable image generation, Direct Preference Optimization for control alignment, curriculum‑based hard sample mining, and multi‑stage quality filtering to produce over 500,000 high‑quality samples with a 76% improvement in image‑quality metrics over traditional rendering‑based datasets. Models trained on PoseDreamer match or surpass those trained on real‑world or conventional synthetic data, and combining PoseDreamer with synthetic datasets yields better performance than mixing real and synthetic data alone.

By Lorenza Prospero, Orest Kupyn, Ostap Viniavskyi, Jo\~ao F. Henriques, Christian Rupprecht
arXiv AI
Jul 31

ScratchSim: A Procedural Synthetic Data Pipeline for Surface Scratch Detection

arXiv:2607. 27065v2 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While automated defect detection such as the detection of surface scratched is an important aspect in industrial quality control, the scarcity of annotated defect data make this task challenging.

By Paul Julius K\"uhn, Saptarshi Neil Sinha, Tiago Kleist, Richard Hoffmann, Arjan kuijper, Michael Weinmann
arXiv Computer Vision
Aug 31

WilLaGS: Latent-Conditional 3D Appearance Fields for Robust Gaussian Splatting In-the-Wild

WilLaGS introduces a unified framework that enhances 3D Gaussian Splatting for in-the-wild scenes by learning a continuous global appearance manifold with a β‑VAE and generating dynamic Tri‑Plane features for spatially‑varying local illumination. It also incorporates a self‑supervised perceptual masking mechanism using a Teacher‑Student EMA architecture to suppress transient artifacts and identify inconsistent regions. Experiments on multiple datasets show that WilLaGS achieves state‑of‑the‑art reconstruction quality and novel view synthesis while preserving real‑time rendering efficiency.

By Yuhao Bai, Qianqiu Tan, Lilong Chen, Huanhuan Lv, Lijun Chen
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 28

A Framework for Low-Effort Training Data Generation for Urban Semantic Segmentation

The paper introduces a framework that adapts a diffusion model to a target urban domain using only imperfect pseudo‑labels, enabling the generation of high‑fidelity, target‑aligned images from semantic maps of any synthetic dataset. By filtering poor generations, correcting image‑label misalignments, and standardising semantics, the method transforms low‑effort synthetic data into competitive real‑domain training sets. Experiments on five synthetic and two real datasets show up to +8.0 %pt mIoU improvement over state‑of‑the‑art translation methods, demonstrating that rapidly constructed synthetic datasets can match the performance of high‑effort, manually designed ones.

By Damjan Kal\v{s}an, Denis Zavadski, Tim K\"uchler, Haebom Lee, Stefan Roth, Carsten Rother
arXiv AI
Sep 10

WildRelight: A Real-World Benchmark and Physics-Guided Adaptation for Single-Image Relighting

WildRelight is the first in-the-wild dataset designed to evaluate single-image relighting models, featuring high-resolution outdoor scenes captured under strictly aligned, temporally varying natural illuminations paired with high-dynamic-range environment maps. The benchmark demonstrates that state-of-the-art models trained on synthetic data suffer severe domain shifts when applied to real-world imagery. Leveraging the dataset’s temporal structure, the authors introduce a physics-guided inference framework combining Diffusion Posterior Sampling with Temporal Sampling-Aware Test-Time Adaptation, enabling synthetic models to self-supervise and align with real-world statistics on-the-fly.

By Lezhong Wang, Mehmet Onurcan Kaya, Siavash Bigdeli, Jeppe Revall Frisvad