arXiv Machine Learning By Damjan Kal\v{s}an, Denis Zavadski, Tim K\"uchler, Haebom Lee, Stefan Roth, Carsten Rother

A Framework for Low-Effort Training Data Generation for Urban Semantic Segmentation

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The paper introduces a framework that adapts a diffusion model to a target urban domain using only imperfect pseudo‑labels, enabling the generation of high‑fidelity, target‑aligned images from semantic maps of any synthetic dataset. By filtering poor generations, correcting image‑label misalignments, and standardising semantics, the method transforms low‑effort synthetic data into competitive real‑domain training sets. Experiments on five synthetic and two real datasets show up to +8.0 %pt mIoU improvement over state‑of‑the‑art translation methods, demonstrating that rapidly constructed synthetic datasets can match the performance of high‑effort, manually designed ones.

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