arXiv:2609.35549v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Rare-disease diagnosis is a long-tail reasoning problem: phenotypes are incomplete, individual disorders are sparsely documented, and relevant evid...
Frozen hematology foundation-model (FM) embeddings reach near-saturated in-domain white-blood-cell (WBC) accuracy, but clinical deployment demands reliability across scanners, sites, stains and prepar...
arXiv:2606. 06224v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Explanations of multiple instance learning (MIL) models are widely used for validation and discovery in digital histopathology.
The paper introduces CytoCRF, a conditional random field framework tailored for cytology images. It adapts pairwise terms to focus on chromatin and cytology-specific staining and enriches neighborhood information by combining multiple backbone models. Across ten cytology datasets, CytoCRF surpasses existing CRF methods at all annotation budgets, achieving up to +13.6 percentage points over the best baseline and +33.7 over zero‑shot performance with only 50 annotations.
The paper introduces UdonCare, a hierarchy‑pruning method that iteratively partitions patients into latent domains using medical ontologies, aiming to improve domain generalization in clinical prediction tasks. It addresses challenges of missing domain labels and lack of clinical insight by discovering hierarchy‑grounded patient domains. Experiments on MIMIC‑III, MIMIC‑IV, and eICU datasets show UdonCare outperforms eight baseline methods across four prediction tasks with significant domain gaps.
arXiv:2511. 05150v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Molecular biomarker testing in pathology is often costly and tissue-consuming, limiting scalable clinical deployment.
arXiv:2608. 10657v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Leukemia cell image classification is challenged by real-world domain shifts from acquisition, staining, illumination, and site protocols, causing single-dataset models to generalize poorly in real clinical scenarios.
arXiv:2609.31314v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Cytopathology detection requires open-vocabulary recognition because cellular categories are fine-grained, long-tailed, and continuously evolving acros...
arXiv:2608. 14414v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Cytometry measures the complex characteristics of single cells (e.
The study evaluates 15 frozen hematology foundation-model embeddings across four single‑cell acquisition domains, finding that while in‑domain accuracy is near‑saturated (macro‑F1 0.98–0.997), cross‑dataset performance drops dramatically (34–72%) and model rankings shift. Probe‑dependent rank transfer is observed, with 1‑NN retrieval more stable than linear heads, yet neither reliably predicts target robustness. Calibration deteriorates off‑domain (ECE rises from 0.004 to 0.35), and exposure to internal cohorts confounds shift analysis; a training‑free pseudo‑label‑balanced feature normalization (CBR) modestly improves target‑prior robustness and calibration. whyItMatters":"The findings highlight that frozen hematology foundation models, though accurate in‑domain, may fail under realistic scanner, site, and class‑prior shifts, underscoring the need for comprehensive audits of accuracy, calibration, exposure, and robustness before clinical deployment."
arXiv:2606. 29949v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: H&E-stained whole-slide images offer cohort-scale availability and rich spatial context but lack molecular specificity, whereas bulk RNA-seq provides transcriptome-wide resolution at high cost with limited archival availability.
arXiv:2602.06674v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: High-quality annotated datasets are crucial for advancing machine learning in medical image analysis. However, a critical gap exists: most da...