The paper investigates the performance of Gaussian splatting techniques for 3D reconstruction in underwater settings, evaluating five publicly available systems across datasets with varying turbidity, illumination loss, and colour attenuation, as well as an industrial survey. The study finds that reconstruction quality is more influenced by environmental setup—such as water clarity and illumination geometry—than by the specific algorithmic architecture, with clear water yielding high frame registration rates and artificial moving lights favoring medium‑blind splatting. The authors release all scene builds, per‑run configurations, and evaluation code to support reproducibility.
The underwater environment is challenging for 3D reconstruction, because particles suspended in the water scatter and diffuse light, turbidity varies, absorption depends on wavelength, and illuminatio...
arXiv:2608.22906v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent monocular 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) streaming reconstruction methods have achieved impressive performance by balancing reconstruction quality...
Recent monocular 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) streaming reconstruction methods have achieved impressive performance by balancing reconstruction quality and efficiency. However, extending these framewo...
arXiv:2608. 10589v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This paper presents $\pi$-SUB, a physics-informed framework for generating synthetic underwater benchmark datasets that bridges the synthetic-to-real gap for Underwater Image Enhancement (UIE).
This paper presents $π$-SUB, a physics-informed framework for generating synthetic underwater benchmark datasets that bridges the synthetic-to-real gap for Underwater Image Enhancement (UIE). The proposed framework extends the classical underwater image formation model by incorporating depth-dependent downwelling irradiance, biologically resolved absorption, and environmental scattering across all ten Jerlov water types, together with independently controllable residual phenomena.
The paper introduces 3D-USE, a two‑stage framework for underwater scene‑level enhancement that learns a persistent, visibility‑enhanced 3D representation from degraded multi‑view observations. First, the Medium Radial Basis Anchor Representation (MediumRBF) builds a medium‑aware Gaussian scene by separating object and medium effects. Then, Appearance Transition Consensus (ATC) transfers 2D underwater image enhancement knowledge into scene‑global and Gaussian‑local targets, which are realized by an Underwater Bilateral Appearance Field (U‑BAF) to render enhanced novel views without a 2D UIE model at inference. Experiments on real underwater scenes demonstrate improved visibility, cross‑view consistency, and preserved reconstruction quality.
Reconstructing photorealistic scenes in unconstrained underwater environments remains challenging due to severe media-induced light scattering and unpredictable dynamic objects. Recent feed-forward vi...
arXiv:2603. 23297v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Despite their output being ultimately consumed by human viewers, 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) methods often rely on ad-hoc combinations of pixel-level losses, resulting in blurry renderings.
arXiv:2608.22888v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reconstructing photorealistic scenes in unconstrained underwater environments remains challenging due to severe media-induced light scattering and unpr...
RefracGS is a novel framework for generating novel views through refractive water surfaces. It jointly reconstructs the water surface using a neural height field and the underlying scene with a 3D Gaussian field, employing refraction‑aware Gaussian ray tracing based on Snell’s law. The method achieves high‑fidelity view synthesis, outperforms prior refractive approaches, and offers 15× faster training with real‑time rendering at 200 FPS.
Estimating 3D geometry in underwater environments presents unique challenges due to light attenuation, scattering, and the absence of large-scale, high-quality 3D annotations. Pioneering methods rely on massive dense annotations that are impractical in underwater settings.
arXiv:2607. 02721v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) enables high-quality real-time novel-view synthesis, but practical scenes often contain millions of Gaussians, making compression essential for deployment on limited hardware.