The paper proposes defining space as an interventional invariant—a minimal relational structure that maintains local compatibility and future observation laws under admissible actions. It introduces a cross‑modal predictive geometry that combines local state spaces, modality‑specific observation maps, an action groupoid, and a predictive‑state quotient, with causal conditions to distinguish interventional from observational structure. The authors prove that, given joint point separation, equivariance, and interventional faithfulness, the latent space is identifiable up to the centraliser of the intervention group, reducing ambiguity to residual coordinate freedom, and extend the framework to stratified urban systems using sheaf‑valued representations.
arXiv:2606. 03609v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Embodied agents that navigate cities rely on world models that predict how their surroundings will change as they move.
arXiv:2606. 01520v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A single action-conditioned latent predictive architecture can in principle be trained on the structured state of a driving scene, a robot workspace, or a financial order book.
The paper introduces GeoSpatialBench, a benchmark for evaluating spatial reasoning and constrained spatial editing in multimodal large language models. It tests 28 spatial relations across GeoJSON and map image data from six cities, revealing that models perform better on GeoJSON than images and struggle with quantitative metric relations and editing tasks that must satisfy spatial constraints. The study highlights a significant gap between recognizing spatial relations and actively manipulating them in AI systems.
PlacePulse is a structural geospatial foundation model that transforms 572 attributes—expanded to 2,288 through H3 neighborhood aggregates—into 256‑dimensional unit‑norm embeddings for over a million H3 resolution‑7 cells across the United States. The model achieves high intrinsic reconstruction quality (mean $R^2 = 0.853$) and strong spatial organization (Moran's $I = 0.93$), while outperforming a dimensionality‑matched baseline on 74 held‑out targets from 12 external sources and competing with Google’s Population Dynamics Foundation Model on various health, economic, election, mobility, and social‑vulnerability outcomes. These results demonstrate that static structural composition can serve as a distinct and complementary modality for geospatial foundation models.
arXiv:2606. 08952v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal Foundation Models (MFMs) have made substantial progress, yet remain fragile in spatial reasoning over the physical world.
arXiv:2609.16697v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: World models connect perception and decision-making in embodied intelligence by maintaining hidden state, anticipating consequences, comparing interv...
arXiv:2607. 11270v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Learning, at its core, extends beyond memorization to the ability to reason and solve novel problems by navigating a space of possibilities.
arXiv:2607. 22430v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Learning world models that infer environment dynamics from high-dimensional observations and predict outcomes under candidate actions is central to planning and control.
arXiv:2606. 09287v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Understanding how transformer representations evolve across layers, not merely what they encode, remains an open problem in mechanistic interpretability.
arXiv:2608. 01049v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: World models have attracted significant attention for their ability to capture and predict the structure and dynamics of the physical world.
arXiv:2607. 13560v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent advances in generative and embodied AI have been driven by large-scale predictive learning over multimodal data.
BEACON is a tri‑modal contrastive learning framework that enriches AlphaEarth embeddings by aligning physical representations from Earth‑observation imagery with semantic POI text and human behavioral POI visitation data, while keeping the deployed model image‑only. In a Houston case study, BEACON outperformed six baselines on nine downstream tasks, achieving up to 43% higher R² for obesity prevalence, 34% for poor mental health, and 22% for median household income under a linear probe.