The study compares 2D, 2.5D, and 3D residual networks for classifying pulmonary nodule malignancy risk using a retrospective LIDC‑IDRI cohort of 2,654 nodules. Models were trained with random initialization, momentum‑contrast pretraining, and mild data augmentation, and evaluated on patient‑disjoint splits. Augmented 2.5D models achieved the highest test Macro‑F1 (0.6537) and accuracy (0.6869), while 2D and 3D models performed lower, and pretraining generally reduced performance.
By Bahodir Nazarov, Zineb Gharib, Fatima Zazoul
arXiv:2608. 07857v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Foundation models provide transferable CT representations, but predictions based directly on these embeddings are difficult to interpret.
By Fakrul Islam Tushar, Stephen Adamo, Geoffrey D. Rubin
arXiv:2609.38271v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Morphological characteristics such as spiculation and lobulation play an important role in assessing pulmonary nodules on computed tomography (CT), par...
By Namitha Narayanan
arXiv:2607. 01001v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Radiomics is the established approach for CT-based lung cancer phenotyping, yet comparisons with foundation models rarely isolate contributions of feature extractor, classification head, and segmentation choice, or test cross-cohort robustness.
By Nils Neukirch, Martin Maurer, Nils Strodthoff
arXiv:2609.09477v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Delineating lung tumours on computed tomography (CT) takes a considerable share of the time spent on radiotherapy planning, and a contour proposed by a...
By Yi Luo, Yike Guo, Wenxuan Li, Zongwei Zhou, Rui Zhang, Kai Ding
arXiv:2610.14226v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: Purpose : To develop and evaluate CAPTOR, a deep-learning vision-language foundation model for oncologic chest-abdomen-pelvis (CAP) CT interpretation...
By S\'el\'ena Jean-Mactoux, Sophie Loizillon, Ghina Jardali, Amandine Cromb\'e, Nathalie Lassau, Alexandre B\^one
arXiv:2608. 03990v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Synthetic histopathology image generation has emerged as an approach that may address data scarcity in computational pathology, yet current evaluation methodologies may not fully assess synthetic data quality for medical applications.
By Seyed Kahaki, Shijie Li, Weijie Chen, Nicholas Petrick
FedHisto-PAST v2 is a parameter‑efficient, stain‑aware federated learning framework for cross‑site lung histopathology classification, combining a frozen HIBOU‑B foundation model with techniques such as paired‑view prediction, feature consistency, prototype learning, and adaptive aggregation. In a five‑client, non‑IID simulation and an exploratory LungHist700 cohort, the method achieved a Macro‑F1 of 0.7286 and a balanced accuracy of 0.7305, with the prediction‑level consistency component providing the most clear independent benefit. The framework updated only about 1.25% of the model parameters, demonstrating efficient adaptation while acknowledging limitations in privacy guarantees and clinical validation.
By Muhammad Muhtasim Shahriar, M. M. Golam Hafiz, Saad Aloteibi, Mohammad Ali Moni
arXiv:2608. 15004v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and Computed Tomography (CT) is a primary imaging tool for screening and followup assessment.
By Pramit Dutta, Jenita Manokaran, Richa Mittal, Ryan Appleby, Eranga Ukwatta
The study evaluates how well different medical foundation models agree on image embeddings by measuring mutual k‑nearest‑neighbor overlap across 750,000 images from 14 datasets and 18 public models. Results show that label‑supervised models converge the least, sharing only 6–10% of nearest neighbors, whereas models trained with self‑distillation, masked image modeling, or contrastive pretraining share up to 80%. The authors suggest that developers can select pretraining objectives to control convergence and recommend testing unlabeled images for nearest‑neighbor consistency before replacing a model.
By Soroosh Tayebi Arasteh, Sebastian Ziegelmayer, Mahshad Lotfinia, Lisa Adams, Sven Nebelung, Jakob Nikolas Kather, Daniel Truhn
arXiv:2609.26578v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Accurate preoperative subtype classification of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) from contrast-enhanced CT remains clinically challenging because clear cell...
By Yuan Liang, Fangyijie Wang, Kathleen M. Curran, Gu\'enol\'e Silvestre, Sourav Bhattacharjee, Abraham Campbell
CATCH is a conditional 3D diffusion model operating in an invertible Haar-wavelet domain designed to inpaint masked regions in T1‑weighted brain MRI with plausible, tumor‑free tissue while preserving observed anatomy. The model’s denoiser uses noisy target coefficients, voided‑image coefficients, and a signed mask, guided by tumor‑excluded wavelet reconstruction and a hole‑focused loss, and hard compositing ensures observed voxels remain unchanged. Experiments on BraTS data show that a weighted mixture of tumor‑derived, irregular‑blob, and ellipsoidal masks yields the best performance, achieving higher SSIM, PSNR, and lower MSE compared to fixed or random augmentation baselines.
By Simon Winther Albertsen, Hjalte Bjoernstrup, Said Djafar Said, Mostafa Mehdipour Ghazi