Alignment, interpretability, red-teaming, bias and privacy: the research on what these systems do when they misbehave.
arXiv:2511. 13749v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Deep neural networks are known to be vulnerable to adversarial perturbations, which are small, carefully crafted inputs that lead to incorrect predictions.
arXiv:2608. 01426v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Federated learning (FL) enables distributed optimization and learning across decentralized edge devices while preserving data privacy, but its performance is fundamentally constrained by heterogeneous data distributions, limited communication resources, and energy availability.
arXiv:2608. 00697v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Variational autoencoders (VAEs) trained on multiple sequence alignments (MSAs) have emerged as powerful generative models for biological sequences, with applications ranging from disease variant prediction to functional RNA design.
arXiv:2608. 02135v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Cardiovascular digital twins aim to create patient-specific computational models that evolve with clinical data to support diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy optimisation.
arXiv:2608. 02271v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Parameter-Efficient Fine-tuned (PEFT) models are frequently downloaded from open repositories by practitioners.
arXiv:2608. 00346v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Data imbalance poses a major challenge in supervised classification, where the majority-class bias contributes to false negatives and overestimates classification accuracy.
arXiv:2608. 01423v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reference-based text evaluation metrics, which are widely used to assess natural language generation systems, score a candidate response by comparing it with a reference response.
arXiv:2608. 01388v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Runtime safety monitors based on Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) and finite automata (FSA) are increasingly deployed to intercept unsafe tool-call sequences in LLM agents.
arXiv:2608. 01775v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Compound flooding in managed coastal systems is influenced by hydrological conditions and water-management activity observed across multiple monitoring stations.
arXiv:2604. 10933v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Deep neural networks remain highly vulnerable to adversarial perturbations, limiting their reliability in security- and safety-critical applications.
arXiv:2604. 00086v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The field of computer vision has experienced significant advancements through scalable vision encoders and multimodal pre-training frameworks.
arXiv:2608. 00722v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Language model-based text-to-speech (LM-based TTS) remains vulnerable to speech hallucinations that deviate from the target text.
arXiv:2608. 00271v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A wide range of statistical and machine learning methods have been proposed for survival analysis with competing risks, where the occurrence of one event (i.
arXiv:2410. 06814v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Over-parameterized models are typically vulnerable to membership inference attacks, which aim to determine whether a specific sample is included in the training of a given model.
arXiv:2604. 10697v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models frequently exhibit hallucinations: fluent and confident outputs that are factually incorrect or unsupported by the input context.
arXiv:2601. 05713v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Understanding how large language models (LLMs) represent natural language is a central challenge in natural language processing (NLP) research.
arXiv:2608. 00175v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents achieve strong performance by optimizing scalar reward functions.
arXiv:2608. 00568v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Fairness audits are increasingly mandated in high-stakes applications such as hiring, lending, and automated decision-making.
arXiv:2608. 00118v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Cybersecurity is a fundamental requirement for protecting wearable devices used in healthcare Internet of Things (H-IoT) systems.
arXiv:2608. 00111v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Image restoration quality can be evaluated along three complementary facets: pixel-level fidelity, human perception, and downstream machine preference.