Retrieval-augmented generation

Retrieval pipelines, vector search, chunking and reranking: how models are grounded in a corpus instead of their weights.

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arXiv AI
Sep 16

AntennaFlow: A Generative Flow Model for Offset Correction in Phaseless Antenna Testing

AntennaFlow is a three‑stage generative flow model that jointly addresses costly phase acquisition and offset‑mounting violations in near‑field to far‑field antenna testing. It learns an offset‑invariant embedding of amplitude fields, transports offset amplitudes to a center‑aligned field, and applies a simplified extrapolation technique valid only for centered fields. Experiments demonstrate fast, phaseless, offset‑vector‑free NF–FF reconstruction from sparse amplitude‑only measurements, outperforming existing baselines while preserving physical consistency.

By Yongzhi Li, Chongting Shen, Menglin Chen, Xun Jiang, Zhengpeng Wang
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 16

LLM Inference in a Flash!

The paper "LLM Inference in a Flash!" proposes an integer‑only quantization scheme and a dictionary‑based KV cache compression technique to enable large language model inference on compute‑in‑flash (CIF) devices. By eliminating floating‑point operations and reducing KV cache traffic through sparse dictionary coding, the authors achieve minimal accuracy loss while cutting dynamic KV cache traffic by 15× on Llama‑3.1‑8B and Qwen‑2.5‑7B models.

By Sebastian Zhao, Minseo Kim, Coleman Hooper, Luca Manolache, Michael W. Mahoney, Yakun Sophia Shao, Kurt Keutzer, Amir Gholami
arXiv AI
Sep 16

Ave: Guiding Agentic GPU Optimization Using Data-Flow Invariants

arXiv:2604.18616v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: LLM coding agents can generate correct GPU kernels, but their performance still trails expert libraries. Reaching peak throughput requires co...

By Haohui Mai, Xiaoyan Guo, Xiangyun Ding, Daifeng Li, Qiuchu Yu, Chenzhun Guo, Cong Wang, Jiacheng Zhao, Christos Kozyrakis, Binhang Yuan
arXiv AI
Sep 16

CLIP Embeddings for AI-Generated Image Detection: A Few-Shot Study with Lightweight Classifier

The paper explores whether CLIP embeddings can detect AI-generated images by using a frozen CLIP model to extract visual embeddings and training lightweight classifiers on top. On the CIFAKE benchmark, the approach achieves 95% accuracy without language reasoning, and 85% accuracy after few-shot adaptation with 20% of the data. Certain image types, such as wide-angle photographs and oil paintings, remain challenging, highlighting unexplored difficulties in AI-generated image classification.

By Ziyang Ou
arXiv AI
Sep 16

LLMs as Master Forgers: Generating Synthetic Time Series Data for Manufacturing

The paper introduces a framework that uses Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate synthetic time‑series data for manufacturing processes. By fine‑tuning pre‑trained LLMs on manufacturing instructions and applying Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG), the method enhances data diversity and realism. Evaluation against traditional models such as ARIMA and LSTMs shows that the LLM‑driven approach produces higher‑quality synthetic data, better capturing temporal dependencies and improving downstream anomaly detection performance.

By Mantek Singh, Jeshwanth Challagundla, Prateek Karnal, Gagan Ganapathy, Vineet Shah, Ridam Arora
arXiv AI
Sep 16

ORDER: Task-Conditioned Routing for Retrieval-Augmented Generation

The paper introduces ORDER, a task‑conditioned retrieval‑augmented generation framework that dynamically adapts both indexing and retrieval strategies to each incoming query. It first clusters questions to learn cluster‑specific chunking, metadata filtering, and reranking settings, then routes queries to the appropriate pre‑built index via nearest‑centroid assignment. Additionally, a supervised query router predicts relevant collections and a Uniform Multi‑source Sampler distributes the retrieval budget evenly across selected sources, yielding superior performance on heterogeneous historical archives compared to existing RAG systems.

By Aur\'elien Pellet (LRE), Julien Perez, Marie Puren
arXiv Computer Vision
Sep 16

Accelerated Decoding of Centroid Positional Encoding for Instance Segmentation

arXiv:2609.16874v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Beyond model inference, the decoding stage, which converts raw network outputs into task-level representations, constitutes a significant portion of th...

By Carmelo Scribano, Filippo Muzzini, Nedyalko Prisadnikov, Mohammad Mahdi, Yuqian Fu, Giorgia Franchini, Danda Pani Paudel, Marko Bertogna, Luc Van Gool
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 16

Crash Narrative-Guided Countermeasure Recommendation Using Large Language Models: A Retrieval-Augmented Generation Framework for Intersection Safety

arXiv:2609.15997v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Improving safety at intersections requires identifying crash mechanisms and recommending appropriate countermeasures. However, this process tradition...

By Abu Saif Md Nasim Uddin, Mohamed Abdel-Aty, Zubayer Islam, Parvez Anowar, Chenzhu Wang
arXiv AI
Sep 16

RAG-CT: Mitigating Privacy Risks on Retrieval-Augmented Generation Systems via Scanning Prompt Distribution

RAG-CT is a defense mechanism designed to protect Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems from leaking personally identifiable information (PII). It works by detecting malicious queries through analysis of entropy and margin distributions, applying a score-based detection method. Experiments across four attack strategies and four baseline defenses on two datasets show that RAG-CT significantly reduces PII leakage while outperforming existing defenses, all without altering the underlying LLM or retriever.

By Xingyu Lyu, Jiayimei Wang, Jianfeng He, Ning Wang, Yidan Hu, Yimin Chen