Classical and neural NLP: translation, question answering, tokenization and the evaluation of language understanding.
arXiv:2606. 08191v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Token aggregation is a common bottleneck in models that map token representations to sample-level predictions, yet most pooling methods operate only in the original token domain.
arXiv:2509. 17455v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: State-of-the-art NLP benchmarks require interpretation of natural language that specifies conditions, procedures, and exceptions, often relying on implicit assumptions and external knowledge.
arXiv:2406. 05335v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Generation of text and speech in natural languages can be modeled as a stochastic process.
arXiv:2606. 07968v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reasoning-capable large language models can be induced to spend their generation budget on injected decoy tasks rather than answering the user's question, causing denial of service when no final answer is produced and denial of wallet when excess output tokens are billed.
arXiv:2606. 07810v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are widely used as judges for evaluating model outputs, but their high cost, latency, and opacity limit scalability.
arXiv:2606. 07705v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Although multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) is central to aligning large language models with complex human preferences, the prevailing practice of static weighted summation overlooks a more fundamental phenomenon: reward learning is markedly asynchronous across objectives.
arXiv:2606. 07610v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: State-of-the-art GRPO-style methods for speech-aware large language model post-training suffer from coarse credit assignment, broadcasting the same terminal-reward advantage to every token in a response.
arXiv:2606. 07533v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) effectively integrate text and audio to interpret context in complex interactive dialogues.
arXiv:2601. 14063v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Cross-cultural competence in large language models (LLMs) requires understanding and adapting Culture-Specific Items (CSIs) across varying cultural contexts.
arXiv:2606. 08932v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Rule-following agents tasked with executing policies and regulations often fail via Silent Scope Omission (SSO): a model applies a general rule but silently drops nested exceptions or counter-exceptions, producing outputs that appear compliant yet break on important edge cases.
arXiv:2606. 09456v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: On-Policy Distillation (OPD) has become a core technique in the post-training of Large Language Models (LLMs) for transferring knowledge from domain experts to student models.
arXiv:2602. 17911v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Current biomedical question answering (QA) systems often assume that medical knowledge applies uniformly, yet real-world clinical reasoning is inherently conditional: nearly every decision depends on patient-specific factors such as comorbidities and contraindications.
arXiv:2603. 13259v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: When a decoder-only transformer is forced to process matched correct and incorrect single-token continuations of a factual query, the two pathways through hidden-state space diverge in a specific way: displacement vectors from the query-only representation maintain approximately equal magnitude but rotate apart in direction.
arXiv:2606. 09578v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are increasingly evaluated on table reasoning tasks, but the role of table representation remains under-explored.
arXiv:2606. 08016v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Current image editing software often hinges on fixed filters or expert tuning, leaving a gap between amateur users' intent and outcomes.
arXiv:2606. 08969v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for medical summarization, but their outputs can omit medically important information and introduce unsupported claims.
arXiv:2606. 07908v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Derivative-controlled networks based on ChainzRule (CR) combine cubic polynomial layers with a lightweight forward-mode per-layer Jacobian penalty (DREG).
arXiv:2606. 09365v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Medical agent systems are increasingly expected to support interactive clinical decision making rather than only static question answering.
arXiv:2606. 08270v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: University Academic Management Information Systems (ACMIS) are high-value targets for a wide spectrum of security threats including brute-force login attacks, payment fraud, privilege escalation, insider data theft, and academic integrity violations.
arXiv:2502. 16584v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent advancements in audio tokenization have significantly enhanced the integration of audio capabilities into large language models (LLMs).