The paper introduces ReasonCVS, a structured reasoning framework for assessing the Critical View of Safety in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It uses a Vision‑Language Model to build an Anatomical Scene Graph Abstraction and a Large Language Model–based Rationale‑Aware Reasoning Agent to verify sub‑criteria, producing a final verdict with traceable clinical rationale. Experiments on the Endoscapes‑CVS201 benchmark show ReasonCVS outperforms existing methods with a 68.1% mAP while offering interpretable, criterion‑level explanations.
By Qing Xu, Yuxiang Luo, Zhen Chen
InternW0-Δ is a unified World Action Model that integrates pretrained visual dynamics, scene semantics, 4D geometry, and motion priors within a Mixture-of-Transformers framework to generate robot actions. It leverages a frozen VLM for semantic guidance, a 4D foundation model for geometric priors, and introduces Causal Imprint to learn future-relevant scene changes without future-video rollout. The model is pretrained on a newly curated 20K‑hour heterogeneous corpus of robot and human demonstrations, achieving superior performance on simulation benchmarks and real‑robot platforms.
By Xingyu Miao, Zizun Li, Baole Fang, Kaiwen Song, Tenghui Wang, Hanxue Zhang, Yating Wang, Xudong Li, Yuping He, Xueyuan Wei, Chao Gao, Xijie Yang, Yingxiang Xu, Kerui Ren, Wenqi Guo, Jianjun Zhou, Xinzhe Wang, Weiguang Zhao, Ni Yang, Zetao Cai, Yufei Xue, Hengjie Li, Zeyu He, Yuanzhen Zhou, Rong Fu, Jianyang Zhang, Siwei Cui, Fuxian Huang, Yunsong Zhou, Xing Gao, Yifei Yao, Qiaojun Yu, Kailin Li, Ming Zhou, Mu Huang, Xinyue Li, Wenze Cui, Bingqi Jiang, Xueyue Zhu, Junting Dong, Haoyu Guo, Tao Lu, Mulin Yu, Bowen Zhou, Bin Zhao, Tianfan Xue, Weinan Zhang, Chunhua Shen
FLIP is a final‑layer inference‑time probe designed to test whether a logit‑facing intervention site in an open‑weight vision‑language model (VLM) supports structured, task‑linked computation rather than generic perturbation. The probe applies elementwise flooring to the final normalized hidden state before logit computation, leaving other model components unchanged. By sweeping intervention strength on a controlled detection/counting task, FLIP identifies three regimes—negligible change, a bounded interior regime with improved detection recall and reduced counting error, and over‑suppression—while a four‑criterion protocol ensures the observed effects are mechanistically interpretable.
By Drandreb Earl O. Juanico, Rowel O. Atienza
ActKV is a new KV cache compression framework designed for agentic large language model (LLM) inference. It prioritizes cache entries that contribute to action generation, using action-oriented eviction, confidence-driven budget allocation, and page-aware compression to reduce memory usage while preserving accuracy. In long-trace tasks, ActKV retains 98.53% of FullKV’s accuracy using only 25.98% of its peak memory and boosts token and task throughput by 3.97× and 3.58×, respectively.
By Zihan Wang, Cheng Tang, Lei Gong, Chao Wang, Wenqi Lou, Teng Wang, Xuehai Zhou
SkillFlow is an open, multi-stage retrieval system that helps AI agents selectively load relevant skills from a large library of community-contributed SKILL.md definitions. The pipeline uses dense retrieval, two rounds of cross-encoder reranking, and LLM-based selection to balance recall and precision. Evaluations on SkillsBench and Terminal-Bench show that SkillFlow improves performance when high-quality skills are available, but retrieval alone does not help if the corpus lacks executable skills for the target domain.
By Fangzhou Li, Pagkratios Tagkopoulos, Ilias Tagkopoulos
The paper investigates why retrieval‑based open‑ended evaluation fails in medical fact verification. By creating two detailed taxonomies—one for retrieval‑stage errors across five quality dimensions and another for verifier‑reasoning errors across six steps—the authors automatically label evidence quality and reasoning errors using an LLM‑as‑Judge pipeline. Their large‑scale stress tests across multiple retrieval methods and verifier models show that increasing model size, reasoning effort, source breadth, or medical fine‑tuning does not eliminate these failure modes, indicating fundamental limits of the retrieve‑then‑verify paradigm in open‑ended medical contexts.
By Heyuan Huang, Jirui Dai, Alexandra DeLucia, Sonal Joshi, Mahsa Yarmohammadi, Jie Gao, Bernal Jim\'enez Guti\'errez, Mark Dredze
The paper introduces an LLM-as-a-judge method to quantify perturbation strength for assessing self-consistency in LLM-generated explanations. It evaluates explanations from various LLMs under controlled perturbation strengths, comparing input and chain-of-thought (CoT) perturbations. Results show the proposed measure outperforms embedding- and probability-based approaches, and that input perturbations impact LLMs more than CoT perturbations, implying fair self-consistency judgments require consistent perturbation types.
By Phuong Q. Le, Kemal Kurniawan, Jey Han Lau
The paper introduces an interaction‑centric framework that unifies representations for two‑finger gripper manipulation across different robot embodiments. By using a parameterized universal gripper abstraction and a canonical gripper‑frame representation, the system infers sub‑tasks from language and RGB‑D inputs, grounds interaction triplets, and employs hybrid features and a Flow‑Matching Transformer to generate smooth 7‑DoF action sequences. Experiments in both simulation and real‑world settings show that this approach achieves competitive benchmark performance while enabling extreme cross‑embodiment and cross‑viewpoint zero‑shot sim‑to‑real transfer to heterogeneous robot platforms.
By Guanlin Li, Shifeng Bao, Yihan Zhao, Haitao Shen, Haoyang Li, Chen Zhao, Tong Yang, Jie Tang, Jing Zhang
The paper presents a two‑stage framework for prenatal congenital heart disease (CHD) screening that operates directly on whole fetal ultrasound studies. It first learns transferable frame representations via self‑supervised masked‑autoencoder pre‑training, then identifies cardiac frames with a disease‑robust module and aggregates them using a transformer‑based multiple instance learning model to produce a case‑level diagnosis. The approach achieves high performance (AUC 0.985, specificity 0.990) on an internal test set and, after label‑free CORAL adaptation, improves to an AUC of 0.944 on an external cohort, outperforming existing baselines.
By Mohamed Azzam, Ruobing Liu, Esther C. Ugwueke, Ziyang Xu, Shibiao Wan, Alex Foy, Abraham Zabih, Jason Christensen, Neil Hamill, Ling Li, Jieqiong Wang
The paper introduces SAGE, a multi‑agent framework that uses specialized analyzers to diagnose univariate time‑series anomalies by examining point, structural, seasonal, and pattern deviations. Each analyzer produces numerical evidence and visual diagnostics, which a Detector consolidates into intervals, candidate types, and confidence scores, and a Supervisor converts these into analyst‑friendly reports. Experiments on Yahoo S5, KPI, and WSD datasets show SAGE achieving the highest average Point‑F1 score (66.26) and receiving higher usefulness ratings in a blind human study.
By Hyeongwon Kang, Jeongseob Kim, Jinwoo Park, Pilsung Kang
The paper introduces HiCoMER, a framework that manages hierarchical collaborative memory and performs validity-aware retrieval for large language model agents. HiCoMER distinguishes between team and individual memories, updates their validity, and retrieves only those that remain valid, rather than treating all memories as a flat pool. Experiments on two new collaborative QA datasets show that HiCoMER reduces outdated retrieval, preserves current team consensus, and improves downstream question‑answering quality.
By Yufei Shi, Rujing Yao, Ang Li, Yang Wu, Zhuoren Jiang, Xiaozhong Liu
The paper introduces SRBench, a benchmark dataset comprising 45,064 labeled entries from 32 curated secondary studies, designed to evaluate large language model performance in systematic review screening while addressing class imbalance. It also presents PromptSR, a tool that facilitates prompt experimentation, experiment management, and result analysis for LLM-based screening. A use case demonstrates the practical application of both SRBench and PromptSR.
By Gauransh Kumar, Luciano Marchezan, Guillaume Genois, K\'evin Delcourt, Eugene Syriani
The paper introduces a new target‑speaker unlearning task for automatic speech recognition (TSU‑ASR) that allows certain speakers to opt out of transcription while still indicating their presence. A lightweight Enrollment‑Conditioned Gating (ECG) module is added to a frozen dual‑stream speech LLM, enabling dynamic unlearning of new opt‑out speakers during inference. Experiments on AMI and AliMeeting datasets show significant drops in transcription accuracy for opt‑out speakers while preserving performance for retained speakers.
By Bo Su, Yueru Yan, Thai Le
The paper investigates whether training small decoder-only transformers on code‑switched text can induce cross‑lingual alignment. Using two 100‑million‑word multilingual corpora—one a mix of English, Dutch, and Chinese BabyBabelLM data, and another generated by inserting word‑ and sentence‑level code‑switching via an LLM—the authors find that code‑switched training aligns representations of parallel text, especially across different scripts, and that this alignment persists when later training on monolingual documents. A curriculum that progresses from word‑level code‑switching to sentence‑level code‑switching and finally to monolingual data yields models that outperform baselines on the BabyLM evaluation suite, demonstrating that code‑switching curriculum learning is an effective data augmentation strategy for multilingual pretraining.
By Dries Rooryck, Alex Cai, Yonatan Belinkov, David Alvarez-Melis, Kiant\'e Brantley
REALMS is a conversational system that provides real‑time, exact audience sizing for digital marketers. It uses embedding‑based vector search to retrieve relevant categorical attributes, an LLM‑powered NL2SQL pipeline for accurate query generation over complex nested schemas, and schema standardization for industry‑agnostic deployment. Evaluations on real enterprise data show high recall, accurate SQL execution, and low latency, enabling interactive audience insights that previously required hours.
By Haixu Ma, Aditya Bansal, Shubham Lohiya, Sumit Ranjan
The study investigates how different transcript compression methods affect large language model (LLM) detection of medical misinformation in Japanese YouTube videos. Four input designs were compared: full transcripts, LLM-generated summaries, RAPTOR-based retrieval‑augmented generation (RAG), and a Screening approach that extracts candidate medical sentences. Results show that full transcripts yield the best classification accuracy, while all compressed inputs increase false negatives, with summaries causing the largest performance drop and Screening performing best among compressed methods yet still missing many relevant sentences. Linguistic analysis indicates that compression reduces affective, social, temporal, cognitive, and conversational cues, and increases the prominence of institutional and technical terms, thereby making fake videos appear more coherent and authoritative.
By Yuya Wake, Sho Tsugawa, Toshiyuki Amagasa
The paper proposes a new way to evaluate language models on cultural understanding by focusing on interpretive depth rather than just factual recall. It argues that literary interpretation, where scholars can disagree yet still assess the quality of evidence, provides a useful framework for testing how models handle cultural references, reuse, and transformation across texts. The authors suggest linking evidence-centered benchmarks, preserving scholarly disagreement, and conducting model-development experiments on literary data, with Danish literature as a starting point for broader applications.
By Daniel Hershcovich, Alexander Conroy, Jens Bjerring-Hansen
The paper introduces a training‑free speech‑and‑text‑to‑pronunciation (ST2P) pipeline that combines lexical candidates from G2P tools with acoustic rescoring using frozen pretrained S2P models. By performing a left‑to‑right greedy search over whole‑sequence negative log‑likelihoods, the method achieves a dramatic reduction in character error rate on Japanese corpora, outperforming both baseline G2P/S2P approaches and commercial multimodal LLMs. The approach is also significantly faster—3–3.5× faster than beam search and twice as fast as direct decoding—while maintaining high accuracy across multiple languages.
By Hikaru Asano, Yotaro Kubo, So Kuroki
The study investigates sycophancy in Chinese large language models (LLMs) by analyzing 364,941 responses from DeepSeek, Qwen, and Doubao to 12,165 yes/no factual questions derived from real-world search queries. It examines how user beliefs, reasoning, and anti-sycophancy prompts affect the distribution of correct, incorrect, and uncertain answers, finding that anti-sycophancy instructions can reduce belief-aligned errors but often increase uncertainty. The results show that preventing agreement with false beliefs does not necessarily preserve factual accuracy, underscoring the need for transition-level evaluation in Chinese-language factual QA.
By Geng Liu, Feng Li, Mengxiao Zhu, Francesco Pierri
The study explores whether instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) can analyze collaborative student sensemaking without task-specific training, and whether adding structured knowledge-state information enhances this analysis. Two mid-size LLMs were evaluated on 23 expert-labeled episodes under various prompting conditions, showing that reasoning-enabled prompts better detect unsuccessful sensemaking and that knowledge-state diagnostics improve agreement with experts. No single configuration outperformed others across all sensemaking dimensions, highlighting the task’s multidimensional nature.
By \"Ozge Alacam, Z\"ubeyde Demet Kirbulut G\"une\c{s}, Funda Ekici, Nurcan Turan-Oluk, Dilay Din\c{c}demir, Hakk{\i} Kaday{\i}f\c{c}{\i}, Sevin\c{c} Nihal Ye\c{s}ilo\u{g}lu, Burcu I\c{s}{\i}k, Halil T\"umay, Sinem Gencer