Inference efficiency

Quantization, distillation, pruning and serving work aimed at the same accuracy for less memory, latency and money.

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arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 1

Does On-Policy Distillation Really Distill? From Noisy Teacher to Self-Improvement

The paper investigates on‑policy distillation (OPD), showing that teacher supervision during OPD contains significant noise that grows with teacher size, yet the student policy remains largely unaffected by this noise. It finds that OPD’s gains stem mainly from suppressing low‑log‑probability tokens, a process that can be replicated without a teacher. Building on this insight, the authors propose On‑Policy Self‑Adaptation (OPSA), a supervision‑free method that uses entropy‑adaptive negative advantages to improve performance on several benchmarks, outperforming both the base model and OPD.

By Yi Ding, Ruqi Zhang
arXiv Computation and Language
Sep 1

World Models Meet Language Models: On the Complementarity of Concrete and Abstract Reasoning

The paper introduces a framework that combines world models, which generate concrete visual rollouts of possible futures, with multimodal large language models (MLLMs) that perform abstract reasoning. It proposes a controlled concrete reasoning approach and a new training method called Privileged‑Future On‑Policy Self‑Distillation (PF‑OPSD), which uses ground‑truth future videos as privileged teacher context during training while the student model never sees true futures at test time. Experiments on two human‑verified benchmarks, VRQABench and OpenWorldQA, show that PF‑OPSD improves performance by about 10–11% over baselines and enhances robustness to noisy or conflicting rollouts.

By Yucheng Zhou, Wei Tao, Yiwen Guo, Jianbing Shen
arXiv Computation and Language
Sep 1

Budget-Aware Compression Pipeline for Single-GPU LLM Inference: Methods, Trade-offs, and Coupling Effects

The paper presents a budget‑aware compression pipeline for deploying 70B‑parameter language models on a single NVIDIA GPU. It examines how pruning, quantization, and KV‑cache compression interact, showing that layer‑wise pruning improves weight quantization robustness and that KV‑cache sparsification complements INT8 KV quantization without harming decoding speed. Using these insights, the authors compressed a 70B model to ~33 GB, achieving ~57 tokens/s on 10k‑token prompts on an A40 while maintaining accuracy within 5% on standard benchmarks.

By Hongyu Yu, Yifei Shen
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 1

PRIME: Mitigating Subgroup Optimization Competition in Shared CTR Top Networks with Plug-in Residual Input-Conditioned Mixture of Expert

PRIME is a plug‑in residual input‑conditioned mixture of experts that preserves the original dense prediction path while adding low‑rank, input‑dependent logit corrections. By initializing residuals to zero, PRIME matches the baseline dense model at training start and stabilizes conditional estimation with multi‑bag aggregation and EMA load biases. Experiments on Avazu and Criteo across 13 CTR architectures show modest AUC and LogLoss gains, with PRIME outperforming APG on FiBiNET and DCNv2 while using fewer parameters and lower latency.

By Heng Yao, Siyun Hou, Tianying Liu, Yulou Shu, Yong He, Chuan Yuan, Kaibin Qiu, Guowei Chen, Jiayu Zhao, Chao Yu, Ke Ding
arXiv AI
Sep 1

Stratified Consistency Distillation for Natural Language Formalization

The paper introduces Stratified Consistency Distillation, a fine‑tuning method to improve natural‑language to logical‑formula translations for neurosymbolic reasoning. It generates multiple candidate translations with a large LLM, clusters them by semantic equivalence, and selects pseudo‑labels using entropy‑based strategies—majority voting for low entropy, LLM-as‑Judge for medium entropy, and unification or abstention for high entropy. The selected pseudo‑labels are then used to fine‑tune a smaller model, yielding significant gains in Pass@K and a new Equivalent Logical Similarity metric.

By Zhichao Hou, Ferhat Erata, Joe Lilien, MohamadAli Torkamani
arXiv Computer Vision
Sep 1

Hydra: A Navigation World Action Model with Discrete Latent Planning and Continuous Flow-Matching Execution

arXiv:2608.28995v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: World models let robots imagine possible futures, but exploiting this capability for real-time control is bottlenecked by a representation misalignme...

By Mohammad Nazeri, Alexandyr Card, Samira Huber, Anuj Pokhrel, Yujun Wang, Ruben Hammele, Daeun Song, S\"oren Pirk, Xuesu Xiao
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 1

Stress-Testing Efficient Responsible-AI Evaluation: When Compute Savings Change Benchmark Conclusions

The paper investigates how making responsible‑AI evaluations more efficient—through batching, quantization, and benchmark reduction—affects the stability of conclusions drawn about model behavior. By testing three dense and mixture‑of‑experts models on the BBQ and BBQ‑V datasets under seven different conditions, the authors compare accuracy, bias, reasoning quality, subgroup performance, subset‑membership stability, runtime, and GPU energy consumption against a full‑benchmark BF16 baseline. Findings show that larger batching preserves accuracy and reduces energy in most settings, INT8 largely maintains quality but can increase energy use, INT4 introduces larger, context‑dependent changes, and reduced benchmarks save resources but are highly sensitive to which items are retained, underscoring that efficient evaluation must be validated against the benchmark’s intended conclusions.

By Ahmed El Kady, Aravind Narayanan, Rehana Noorani, Yani Ioannou, Shaina Raza