Computer vision

Detection, segmentation, depth and recognition research, plus the vision backbones that keep displacing the last generation.

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arXiv AI
Sep 15

Adaptive Conformal Redistribution for Inter-class Transitional Uncertainty in Medical Image Classification

The paper introduces AdaConRed, a label‑free post‑conformal decision rule that transforms ambiguous conformal prediction sets into single class assignments for medical image classification. It employs a five‑stage pipeline—vision‑language generative augmentation, a frozen DermFoundation encoder, a lightweight MLP classifier, an entropy‑modulated margin‑aware nonconformity score, and a reassignment step for transitional samples—to improve accuracy on OSCC and ISIC benchmarks. Results show notable gains in malignant class accuracy while maintaining overall performance.

By Saibal Ghosh, Samarup Bhattacharya, Sanjoy Kumar Saha, Umapada Pal, Tapabrata Chakraborti
arXiv AI
Sep 15

Concept-Grounded Reasoning with Prompt-Driven Localization for Interpretable Structured Report Generation

The paper introduces CORAL, a multimodal framework that combines spatial grounding and concept-level supervision for medical report generation. CORAL uses a prompt-driven segmentation model to localize lesions and a Concept Bottleneck module to predict multi-class clinical attributes, feeding these textual concept tokens and mask-modulated visual features into a multimodal large language model. Experiments on BUS-CoT and IU X-ray datasets show that CORAL improves diagnostic accuracy, concept consistency, and report quality compared to existing general-purpose and medical MLLMs.

By Xinyue Xu, Hongbin Lin, Juangui Xu, Hualiang Wang, Lehan Wang, Lijie Hu, Weiyang Liu, Adrian Weller, Xiaomeng Li