arXiv Machine Learning By Takumi Fujimoto, Hiroaki Nishi

When Does Online Adaptation Pay on the Edge? A Leakage-Free Evaluation of Warmup, Learning-Rate Selection, and Resource Trade-offs for Time-Series Forecasting

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The paper investigates when online adaptation benefits edge time‑series forecasting under distribution drift, using a leakage‑free streaming protocol on six public multivariate datasets. It shows that the warmup budget for static baselines and the choice of learning rate can bias perceived adaptation gains, and that a validation‑only procedure selecting warmup and optimizer rates yields Adam outperforming SGD with momentum in most settings. The study also examines accuracy versus adaptation‑state memory and per‑update latency for different adaptation strategies, highlighting parameter‑efficient variants that are nondominated on the memory axis.

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