arXiv Machine Learning By Niclas Flehmig, Mary Ann Lundteigen, Shen Yin

Uncertainty-aware AI-enabled framework for predicting hydrogen dispersion in confined spaces to enhance operator situational awareness

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The paper introduces a two‑stage AI framework that first estimates an unknown hydrogen leakage rate from early sensor data and then predicts the subsequent dispersion of the hydrogen cloud in confined maritime spaces. It outputs a concentration map with confidence bounds, enabling operators to assess the reliability of each forecast. The system, trained on an open dataset, achieves a mean absolute error of 0.052 g/s for leakage‑rate estimation and 0.018 for concentration prediction, approaching the sensor precision limit of ±0.01.

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arXiv AI
Oct 23

COMET: A coordinated multi-layer runtime monitoring framework for human-supervised AI-enabled safety systems

COMET is a coordinated multi-layer runtime monitoring framework designed for human-supervised AI-enabled safety systems. It employs three monitoring layers—signal integrity, physics consistency, and the AI system’s competence envelope—whose outputs are combined and displayed via a traffic-light interface. Evaluated on a compressed‑air leak dataset, COMET eliminates the AI’s silent failures under covariate shift and most sensor faults, while maintaining a low false‑alarm rate.

By Niclas Flehmig, Mary Ann Lundteigen, Shen Yin
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 17

Uncertainty measurement for complex event prediction in safety-critical systems

The paper presents a machine‑learning approach (ML_CP) that automatically learns patterns and rules for complex event prediction, reducing reliance on manual rule creation. It incorporates sensitivity analysis to assess how output varies with each input and uses conformal prediction to generate uncertainty‑aware prediction intervals. Experiments on binary, multi‑level classification, and regression tasks show promising results for safety‑critical embedded systems.

By Maria J. P. Peixoto, Akramul Azim