arXiv Machine Learning By Siddhant Shete, Hilmi Dogu K\"uc\"uker, Udo Frese, Frank Kirchner

Hardware-Accelerated Instance Segmentation for Resource-Constrained Space Robotics with Criticality Analysis

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The paper presents a hardware‑accelerated instance segmentation framework tailored for resource‑constrained lunar robotics, addressing low‑light perception, limited compute, and radiation‑induced hardware faults. It introduces Activation Variance Informative Sampling (AVIS), a label‑free calibration method that selects samples based on activation variance, and deploys a YOLO‑based model on a Deep Learning Processor Unit with architectural tweaks to reduce CPU fallback and ensure bounded latency. A software‑level criticality analysis estimates fault exposure, guiding mitigation that reduces global criticality by 31.7%, while AVIS with bias correction recovers 69.8% of quantization‑induced accuracy loss at 309 ms latency and 5.7 W power consumption.

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