arXiv Computer Vision By Michal Pr\r{u}\v{s}ek, Adam Novoz\'amsk\'y, Filip \v{S}roubek

Exemplar: Classical Priors Complement Frozen Features for Few-Shot Microscopy Segmentation at Native Resolution

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Exemplar is a few‑shot segmentation method that combines a frozen DINOv3 backbone with a fixed bank of classical native‑resolution filter responses in a single lightweight head. Trained only from support masks, it achieves a mean foreground intersection‑over‑union of 0.782 across eleven biomedical imaging datasets, outperforming either component alone and surpassing five other few‑shot methods in 54 of 55 comparisons. With a single annotated mask, Exemplar reaches 0.703, higher than a from‑scratch nnU‑Net trained on the same mask, and while nnU‑Net eventually overtakes it with eight masks, it requires 16–77× longer to fit.

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