The paper proposes a framework for the collective collaboration of recursive autonomous agents (RAAs) in smart factories. It introduces a common task and capability interface that enables recursive decomposition of production objectives from the top down and aggregation of conditional capabilities from the bottom up. The framework includes organizational models for leaf and composite units, conditions for finite task expansion, and operational mechanisms linking task decomposition, resource commitments, result aggregation, and coordination across changing production conditions.
By Ziqing Zhou, Linqiang Hu, Yuning Chen, Hongda Zhang, Zhao Huang, Ding Zhou, Haining Xu
The article reviews how large language models (LLMs) enable industrial agents to move beyond predefined workflows toward autonomous planning and execution in smart manufacturing. It identifies five key challenges, defines the concept and core characteristics of industrial agents, and presents a unified taxonomy covering application scenarios, embodiment forms, and capability levels. The authors propose a four‑layer system architecture with core modules for closed‑loop task execution, review representative applications across the industrial lifecycle, and outline future research directions.
By Lei Ren, Haiteng Wang, Shixiang Li, Jing Zhang, Yuqing Wang, Jingwei Guo, Yunfei Zhu, Yuanjun Laili, Yang Tang, Lihui Wang
arXiv:2606. 15575v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Organizational knowledge is fragmented across a variety of software systems, tacit expertise, and manual documents that have traditionally been designed for human consumption.
By Anne S. R. Marx, Ricardo M. Avelino, Torbj{\o}rn Netland, Mennatallah El-Assady
arXiv:2606. 12835v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The rapid emergence of autonomous AI agents is transforming artificial intelligence from isolated model inference into distributed systems of reasoning, communication, and action.
By Quanyan Zhu
arXiv:2608. 07148v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern manufacturing imposes six coupled demands on adaptive control: local decisions with global consequences, partial observability, nonstationarity, reflex speed response with long horizon effects, delayed and diffuse outcomes, and dynamics that resist explicit modeling.
By Fouad Bahrpeyma, Dirk Reichelt
arXiv:2608. 10153v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Enterprises are deploying autonomous AI agents faster than they can govern them, and prevailing approaches stretch a single discipline, typically DevSecOps built for deterministic automation, across every scale of agency.
By Srinivas Telukunta, Georgios Nektarios Lilis, Lucio Baron