The paper introduces 3DCodeVerse, a research ecosystem that allows coding agents to generate editable and verifiable 3D content at scale. It comprises a large curated dataset of 3D executable code (3DCodeVerse‑2M), a multi‑agent harness that automatically evaluates and refines generated programs using execution checks and spatial measurements, and empirical studies that establish baselines and practical guidance for 3D coding. Experiments show that fine‑tuning on the dataset improves open‑source models’ 3D coding abilities, and the harness outperforms Claude Design in pairwise human evaluations when used with Claude Opus 5.5.
arXiv:2606. 01057v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Procedural 3D modeling through code is emerging as a versatile paradigm, offering deterministic, engine-ready, and precisely editable assets that neural 3D generators inherently lack.
Most recent 3D reconstruction and editing systems operate on implicit and explicit representations such as NeRF, point clouds, or meshes. While these representations enable high-fidelity rendering, they are fundamentally low-level and hard to control programmatically.
The paper introduces 3DVerifierBench, a benchmark covering ten tasks that evaluates 3D content generation for correctness, rejection explanations, and responsiveness to specification changes. It highlights a significant performance gap between humans and current models, and presents a scalable pipeline that generates over 14,000 training examples with contradiction explanations. The study also demonstrates how verification can improve 3D generation via candidate selection and recursive refinement, raising factual success rates dramatically.
Code4Scene is a benchmark that evaluates coding agents on constructing and editing 3D scenes in Unreal Engine. It tests agents on two tasks: construction, where they must build a scene from open‑ended language, and editing, where they must recover a target scene from reference images while preserving everything else. The benchmark measures task fulfillment, artifact integrity, and physical validity, revealing that construction and editing performance are correlated but not interchangeable, with agents struggling most with spatial composition and precise edits.
Procedura is a new 3D modeling agent that treats 3D shape as code, using a large language model to generate a procedural assembly from a text prompt. It constructs an assembly graph, writes a parametric program with named parts and typed mates, and verifies each part through compile, mate, and connectivity checks before adding it. A vision critic refines the assembly step‑by‑step, and the resulting program includes per‑part materials and simulator‑validated articulation, producing sharp edges and editable, part‑structured outputs that outperform existing native 3D generators on P3D‑Bench and MechBench‑36.
arXiv:2608.24169v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: 3D geometry editing is a critical yet labor-intensive part of the graphics pipeline, requiring artists to translate creative intent into precise operat...
arXiv:2608. 05248v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generating large-scale, freely explorable 3D worlds from open-ended text remains challenging because a system must jointly maintain global spatial coherence, rich local content, and explicit assets suitable for downstream editing and reuse.
arXiv:2605. 14398v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Video-based world models generate visually plausible rollouts, but since they infer dynamics in latent states, they enforce no explicit physical constraints: contacts drift, shapes distort, and motion loses consistency.
arXiv:2609.36380v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A 3D scene reconstructed from a single image is most useful when represented not as a rendering or a fixed 3D output, but as an explicit scene program...
CitySTAR introduces a training‑free framework that transforms billion‑scale urban point clouds into a query‑ready scene graph of open‑vocabulary 3D instances, using CodeLLM‑driven tools to supply multimodal evidence for node attributes and spatial relations. It models target‑context topology with paired hypergraphs and performs bidirectional topology verification for structural disambiguation, followed by a Reflective Cross‑modal Grounding module that integrates topology consistency and 2D visual evidence to decide over a metric‑aware 3D context graph. The authors also present CitySTAR‑3D, a benchmark that enhances semantic coverage, instance completeness, bounding‑box fidelity, and spatial‑relation complexity for city‑scale 3D grounding, and report extensive experiments showing consistent improvements in open‑world urban 3D grounding with strong interpretability and generalization.
arXiv:2507.18625v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Graphical user interface (UI) software has undergone a fundamental transformation from traditional two-dimensional (2D) desktop/web/mobile in...
Think3D introduces a framework that endows Vision‑Language Models with interactive 3D chain‑of‑thought reasoning by integrating 3D manipulation tools for active spatial exploration. The approach improves performance on benchmarks such as BLINK Multi‑view, MindCube‑1K, and VSI‑Bench‑Tiny for proprietary models like GPT‑4.1 and Gemini 2.5 Pro, and a reinforcement‑learning variant, Think3D‑RL, enables open‑weight models such as Qwen3‑VL‑4B to autonomously learn effective 3D exploration strategies, yielding tool‑use patterns comparable to stronger models and turning a performance drop on MindCube‑1K into a substantial improvement.