arXiv AI

Volumetric Directional Diffusion: Anchoring Uncertainty Quantification in Anatomical Consensus for Ambiguous Medical Image Segmentation

arXiv:2603. 04024v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Ambiguous 3D medical image segmentation often involves boundaries where different expert delineations are non-identical yet clinically plausible.

arXiv Machine Learning
1d ago

Beyond Boundary Noise: Aggregated Aleatoric Uncertainty Fails to Capture Presence Ambiguity in 3D Lung Nodule Segmentation

arXiv:2608. 14766v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Uncertainty estimation is critical for the safe clinical deployment of deep learning in medical image segmentation, with aleatoric uncertainty theoretically designed to capture irreducible data ambiguity.

By Simon Baur, Arne Schernich, Ekin B\"oke, Wojciech Samek, Jackie Ma
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 18

Structural MRI Synthesis for Alzheimer's Disease via Conditional Diffusion on Anatomical Masks

arXiv:2606. 18354v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent advances in generative machine learning models have significantly improved medical imaging, offering promising solutions for data augmentation, privacy preservation, and improved model generalization.

By Muge Zhang, Muhammad Ali Khaliq, Jamal Alsakran, Byeong Kil Lee, Jeeho Ryoo
arXiv AI
Jul 7

From Raw Segmentations to Simulation-Ready Cardiac Meshes: An Automated Framework for Anatomical Reconstruction and Virtual Cohort Generation

arXiv:2607. 02564v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Computational models of the human heart are widely used to study electromechanical and fluid-dynamical cardiac function and to support applications such as in silico clinical trials.

By Francesco Fabbri, Martino Andrea Scarpolini, Paolo Ciancarella, Francesco Tudisco, Roberto Verzicco, Alessandro Ricci, Francesco Viola
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 28

Trustworthy Medical Segmentation: Uncertainty-Aware U-Net Evaluation Under Clinical Image Degradation

arXiv:2607. 22727v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Medical image segmentation models often report high benchmark accuracy under ideal imaging conditions, yet their failures under clinical degradation can be quiet: sensor noise, patient motion, low- resolution acquisition, and contrast variability may all alter model behavior without producing an obvious warning.

By Pranav Kaliaperumal, Manisha Kaliaperumal