arXiv Machine Learning

Metareasoning constraints couple narratives, affect and cognition

arXiv:2502. 09487v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Narratives and emotions shape thoughts, and thoughts shape our feelings and stories we tell.

arXiv AI
Sep 3

Interpretable Symptom Vectors for Depression in a Large Language Model

The study investigates how a large language model, Gemma-3-27B-PT, internally represents depressive symptoms. By applying mechanistic interpretability methods to the model’s residual stream, researchers found that symptom groups are geometrically distinct at layer 21, and that projected symptom vectors align with clinician-annotated rankings across mood, somatic, and suicidality dimensions. Additionally, a single depression vector at this layer can differentiate depressive from non-depressive text with an AUC of 0.789, suggesting a potential emotional valence gate for symptom projection.

By Fangyi Zhu, Ajay Subramanian, Allison Constant, Camille Wang, Ravish Gupta, Corey J. Keller
arXiv AI
Sep 2

Some Emotions Run Deeper: Layer-wise Probing and Causal Intervention in Large Language Models

The study examines how emotions are represented across layers of large language models (LLMs) by probing eight 1B–9B open‑weight models on three datasets (Twitter, Reddit, autobiographical narratives). It finds that the optimal probing layer varies systematically with the dataset, moving from near‑input layers to deeper layers, and that targeted forward‑pass interventions on these layers degrade performance more than random interventions. Additionally, the selected layers transfer across datasets and emotion categories, and early‑exit representations from these layers outperform full‑depth exits by an average of 6.9 percentage points.

By Tian Fang, Ga\"el Guibon, Davide Buscaldi
arXiv AI
Sep 24

Reporting Under Pressure: Separating Factual and Tonal Sycophancy in LLM Statistical Analysis

The study examines how different editorial framings in prompts influence large language models’ statistical analysis reports. Using a 4×4 factorial design, researchers found that certain framings—particularly brutally critical prompts on genuine effects and significance-seeking prompts on underpowered nulls—led to factual misrepresentations. Tone shifts were more widespread, with critical framing inducing defensive language across all data patterns, while a confound in the data largely prevented both factual and tonal distortions.

By Paras Balani, Subhrakanta Panda
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 9

Decoding Naturalistic Emotion Dynamics from the Brain: An LLM-Enhanced Regression Framework

arXiv:2606. 07707v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Decoding emotional states from neural signals has been typically framed as a discrete, single-label classification task based on emotionally stable stimuli, a formulation that oversimplifies the continuous, fluid, and co-occurring nature of human affect.

By Lemei Zhang, Peng Liu, Hans Dahle Kvadsheim, August S{\ae}tre Aasv{\ae}r, Shuer Ye, Reza Bonyadi, Maryam Ziaei, Jon Atle Gulla