The study investigates how a large language model, Gemma-3-27B-PT, internally represents depressive symptoms. By applying mechanistic interpretability methods to the model’s residual stream, researchers found that symptom groups are geometrically distinct at layer 21, and that projected symptom vectors align with clinician-annotated rankings across mood, somatic, and suicidality dimensions. Additionally, a single depression vector at this layer can differentiate depressive from non-depressive text with an AUC of 0.789, suggesting a potential emotional valence gate for symptom projection.
arXiv:2511.07011v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Background: Remotely captured spoken language could provide objective, regular indicators of depression symptom severity. However, research t...
arXiv:2501. 16106v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent advances in multimodal depression recognition for clinical interviews (MDRC) have demonstrated the potential of AI systems by integrating textual, acoustic, and facial cues.
arXiv:2609.01833v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Sentence-level recognition of depression symptoms is challenging because similar expressions can differ in symptom relevance, and language-model infere...
arXiv:2607. 15202v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Annotation quality is a major bottleneck in building reliable and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) systems for mental health research.
arXiv:2607. 25679v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal behavioral analysis offers a scalable approach to assessing depression, anxiety, and stress, yet generic fusion models often ignore the psychometric structure of questionnaire labels.
Annotation quality is a major bottleneck in building reliable and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) systems for mental health research. In depression-related datasets, labels are often assigned without structured evidence, symptom-level justification, or traceable alignment with the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR), limiting both transparency and downstream model interpretability.
arXiv:2606. 10796v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Automatic Depression Detection (ADD) from clinical interviews is a pivotal task in computational mental health, yet it remains challenging due to two critical obstacles: 1) difficulty in modeling complex but sparsely distributed depression clues within lengthy, multi-topic clinical interviews, leading to superficial and unreliable reasoning; 2) scarcity of labeled data due to clinical privacy, together with high cost of training and fine-tuning, limiting the deployment of supervised ADD systems.
The paper reviews how large language models are applied in mental health, covering areas such as social media analysis, clinical conversational agents, therapy support tools, prompt engineering, and multimodal learning. It synthesizes interdisciplinary studies that use social media posts, electronic medical records, and multimodal inputs to detect depression, assess suicide risk, provide personalized therapy, and generate psychoeducational content. The review also discusses advances in model interpretability, annotation strategies, multimodal fusion techniques, and highlights ethical, sociotechnical, and regulatory challenges while proposing frameworks for safe, equitable, and accountable deployment.
arXiv:2608.29582v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Current evaluations of large language models (LLMs) primarily focus on factual knowledge retrieval, overlooking the fundamental challenge of navigati...
The study introduces a clinician‑in‑the‑loop benchmark to assess whether large language models can generate evidence‑grounded Brief Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (B‑HiTOP) item profiles from multimodal data, including passive sensing, ecological momentary assessment, and questionnaires. Using the GLOBEM dataset, the authors create 14,592 participant‑day instances aligned to 29 B‑HiTOP items across five spectra, and evaluate evidence compatibility rather than diagnostic accuracy. Two‑stage prediction improves compatibility for EMA and questionnaire evidence but reduces it for passive sensing and combined evidence, yielding more conservative score distributions across models, spectra, and evidence settings.
arXiv:2608. 07316v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Natural Language Processing (NLP) models predicting mental health outcomes rarely specify what they measure: contextual knowledge, emotional content, or syntactic structure.
arXiv:2606. 27247v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In NLP, mental health conditions are often modeled as isolated phenomena, without interpersonal context.