arXiv AI

From "Help" to Helpful: A Hierarchical Assessment of LLMs in Mental e-Health Applications

arXiv:2602. 18443v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Psychosocial online counselling frequently encounters generic subject lines that impede efficient case prioritisation.

arXiv Computation and Language
Aug 31

Roleplaying with Structure: Synthetic Therapist-Client Conversation Generation from Questionnaires

arXiv:2510.25384v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are promising tools for synthetic data generation in mental health. However, privacy policies and restrictions forced...

By Doan Nam Long Vu, Rui Tan, Lena Moench, Svenja Jule Francke, Daniel Woiwod, Florian Thomas-Odenthal, Sanna Stroth, Tilo Kircher, Christiane Hermann, Udo Dannlowski, Hamidreza Jamalabadi, Simone Balloccu, Shaoxiong Ji
arXiv AI
Jun 24

One Year Later...The Harms Persist, But So Do We!

arXiv:2606. 23884v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: General-purpose large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for mental health-related conversations, yet safety safeguards remain inadequate and inconsistent across clinical conditions.

By Annika Marie Schoene, Cansu Canca, Gautham Vijay Kumar, Anson Antony
arXiv Computation and Language
Aug 27

HealthBench-Psych: A Mental Health Subset of OpenAI's HealthBench

HealthBench-Psych is a mental‑health subset of the OpenAI HealthBench benchmark, created by filtering 5,000 physician‑rubric conversations for mental‑health relevance using an LLM‑applied rubric and validating the selection through two rounds of blinded clinician review. The resulting 610 conversations (12.2 % of the corpus) are released along with a pipeline, model responses, grades, and analysis code. Evaluation of 20 frontier and open models by a cross‑vendor panel of three LLM judges shows a statistically tied frontier cluster, measurable refusal behavior in two models, and near‑identical rankings across judges (τ ≥ 0.92).

By Matthew Flathers, Phuong Anh Nguyen, Jill Noorily, Julian Herpertz, Meiting Chen, Jasreen Multani, Samuel Powell, Mason Granof, Mark Kalinch, John Torous
arXiv AI
Sep 15

K-Bench: a clinically calibrated benchmark for evaluating large language models in high-risk mental health conversations

arXiv:2609.15855v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: % !TEX root = ../main.tex People increasingly use large language models (LLMs) for mental health support, yet their safety in evolving, high-risk con...

By Laura M. Vowels, Matthew J. Vowels, Shivali Sharma, Apoorv Jha, Rehnuma Choudhury, Wasseem El Sarraj, Rachel Francois-Walcott, Aruba Hussain, Sarah Ingram, Angela Loulopoulou, Adva Segal, Elena Volkova
arXiv AI
Jul 10

MentalHospital: A Virtual Environment for Evaluating Psychiatric Clinical Encounters

arXiv:2607. 08257v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong performance on isolated psychiatric tasks, including dialogue, diagnosis, and treatment planning, yet existing benchmarks rarely simulate complete psychiatric clinical encounters.

By Yuming Yang, Xiao Sun, Yuanwei Zou, Zhengxiao Wu, Yun Chen, Jiang Zhong, Haoyang Zeng, Jingwang Huang, Kaiwen Wei
arXiv Computation and Language
Aug 24

Trust Stack for Mental Health AI: A Survey of Calibration across Human, Interaction, and AI Layers

The paper surveys 61 studies on mental‑health AI and identifies a misalignment in how trust is evaluated across disciplines. It proposes a three‑layer framework—human‑oriented, interaction‑oriented, and AI‑oriented trust—and maps stakeholder perspectives onto these layers. The authors argue that future research should focus on calibrating human trust to actual interaction and AI trustworthiness rather than merely maximizing perceived trust.

By Xin Sun, Yue Su, Yifan Mo, Qingyu Meng, Yuxuan Li, Min Chen, Mengyuan Zhang, Saku Sugawara, Charlotte Gerritsen, Sander L. Koole, Koen Hindriks, Jiahuan Pei