The study analyzes 10,211 real scam and spam calls collected by an AI voice‑agent honeypot, revealing that scammers operate on a templated, office‑hour schedule and use disposable numbers to recycle scripts. Callers predominantly seek identity anchors such as home addresses and dates of birth, and the amount of conversation increases with the target’s age, though the requested information remains unchanged. Early detection is feasible, with escalation predictability reaching 0.87 ROC‑AUC by the eighth line using simple bag‑of‑words models.
Telephone fraud is pervasive and costly, but its inner workings are rarely observed at scale. We analyze a complete corpus of 10,211 inbound scam and spam calls -- 913 hours of audio and 330,956 trans...
The paper introduces a dataset of 10,015 real scam and spam phone calls collected over 53 days using an active voice‑agent honeypot. Each call is recorded, transcribed, and automatically labeled, yielding 328,869 turn‑level transcripts and 895 hours of audio from 5,665 distinct numbers. The corpus distinguishes between predatory‑but‑legal lead generation and outright scams, with labels validated by human review and technical checks on realism.
arXiv:2607. 11707v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Following the rapid progress of generative Artificial Intelligence, there is a growing threat posed by conversational scams.
The paper presents methods for black-box forensic analysis of conversational large language model (LLM) agents, focusing on two tasks: attribution—identifying the base model powering a chatbot—and fingerprinting—detecting identical system prompts across different endpoints. Attribution classifiers achieve 98% accuracy using only a few non‑adversarial conversation turns, while a cross‑encoder fingerprinting approach attains an AUC of 0.768 and an F1 of 0.703 on unseen prompts, improving to 0.943 AUC when aggregating 50 interactions. These techniques enable investigators to trace AI‑enabled scams back to their underlying models and link related scams through shared system prompts.
TeleAntiFraud 2.0 is a monthly‑frozen, audio‑based benchmark for telecom fraud detection that incorporates newly observed scam patterns while preserving earlier test sets. It uses a Mixed‑Tree Anti‑Fraud Generation Pipeline to create profile‑grounded scenarios, expands them into mixed‑tree dialogues, and renders validated speech for 900 Chinese calls (600 fraud, 300 near‑domain non‑fraud) each month. Experiments show that classifiers perform well against unrelated negatives but drop significantly against near‑domain negatives, highlighting the need for near‑domain construction and collapse‑aware reporting in realistic evaluation settings.
arXiv:2606.21037v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The empirical foundation of cyber deception relies on human-centered hypotheses, but the rapid emergence of autonomous, AI-enabled attackers...
arXiv:2606.00497v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Deceptive web content, widely instantiated across the internet and commonly known as \textit{social-engineering attacks}, manipulates autonom...
The paper introduces the Agentic Commerce Bench (ACB), a benchmark for measuring fraud in AI agents that autonomously spend money. It presents a taxonomy of agentic commerce fraud, a dataset of twenty fraud classes derived from real production data, and an open‑source detector stack called gordonguard for auditing and replaying hostile counterparties. The study shows that current reasoning layers and security scanners perform poorly on many classes, highlighting the need for better detection mechanisms.
The paper presents a two‑stage framework for detecting fraud in online conversations. First, an ensemble classifier flags suspicious dialogues, then a One Class Drift Detector isolates concept drift within those flagged exchanges. A large language model evaluates whether detected drift signals fraudulent manipulation or a legitimate topic shift, improving accuracy and interpretability compared to a Dual LLM baseline.
arXiv:2606. 27936v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The widespread collection of fine-grained location data by commercial data brokers creates a re-identification risk that is not widely recognised by the public.
ScamWorld is an interactive environment that recreates reported scam websites across various scenarios, fraud mechanisms, and languages, allowing researchers to observe fraud indicators before a web agent’s final action. The platform enables controlled, repeatable evaluation of web agents, which are increasingly used to browse, shop, and manage accounts on the open web. A study of six leading LLM-powered agents revealed deception rates between 11% and 35%, with agents more likely to proceed with payments than to provide credentials or wallet information, and some agents continuing after recognizing suspicious conditions.
The paper presents a cumulative turn‑based risk assessment framework for detecting financial scams targeting older adults, which aggregates conversational turns and updates risk estimates at each step. A multi‑turn dialogue dataset covering investment, charity, and tech support scams is created, with annotations for risk level, score, rationale, and safety recommendation at every cumulative stage. Four small language models (Phi‑4, LLaMA‑3.2, DeepSeek‑R1, Qwen3) are fine‑tuned; Phi‑4 and LLaMA‑3.2 outperform others in turn‑aware risk estimation, demonstrating that compact models can effectively support incremental scam detection in resource‑constrained, privacy‑aware deployments.