arXiv Computation and Language

When Patients Cut In: Extending Clinical Conversational AI Safety to Interruptions

arXiv AI
Aug 28

From Sound to Symptom: Real-Time Respiratory Signal Understanding for Conversational Healthcare Agents

The paper introduces HealthCUES, a real‑time streaming pipeline that extracts and analyzes cough and throat‑clearing events from live spoken conversations. It detects coughs within sub‑second latency, distinguishes cough subtypes (dry, wet, barking, whooping), differentiates coughing from throat clearing, and estimates temporal boundaries, all while gating alerts based on conversational context. The system, built on Qwen3Omni, achieves high accuracy (93% F1 for cough detection) and low latency (340 ms) and has been validated by healthcare professionals for telehealth use.

By Tanmay Laud, Herprit Mahal, Subhabrata Mukherjee
arXiv AI
Jun 17

AIPatient Arena: EHR-grounded evaluation of large language models in end-to-end clinical consultation workflows

arXiv:2606. 17474v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly considered for use in clinical consultation tasks, yet most medical evaluations remain static, single-turn, or narrowly outcome-based, limiting their ability to reflect the sequential, uncertain, and interactive nature of real-world care.

By Jiahui Niu, Huizi Yu, Wenkong Wang, Guangxin Dai, Jingxian He, Xiang Li, Zhiying Liang, Xinxin Lin, Kent CY So, Bryan YP Yan, Yun Kwok Wing, Yanqiu Xing, Xin Ma, Lizhou Fan
arXiv AI
Jul 29

PatientAgentBench: A Benchmark Framework for Evaluating Patient-Facing Health AI Agents

arXiv:2607. 25485v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Health AI is evolving from answering questions to agentic systems that converse with patients, reason about health records, and act on their behalf.

By Korosh Vatanparvar, Ashutosh Joshi, Maria Xenochristou, Mohammad Abuzar Hashemi, Prasad Kasu, Deepak Bansal, Daniel Lopez-Martinez, Anchal Nema, Ramya Ganesan, Will Kimbrough, Alex Woody, Yadunandana Rao, Dilek Hakkani-Tur, Wilko Schulz-Mahlendorf
arXiv AI
Jun 6

Evaluating the Utility of Personal Health Records in Personalized Health AI

arXiv:2605. 18937v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Patient-managed Personal Health Records (PHRs) promises to empower patients to better understand their health; but information in the record is complex, potentially hindering insights.

By Rory Sayres, Kejia Chen, Ayush Jain, Matthew Thompson, Jonathan Richina, Xiang Yin, Jimmy Hu, Fan Zhang, Bob Lou, Mike Sanchez, Ines Mezerreg, Meredith Schreier, Hamsa Subramaniam, I-Ching Lee, Yugang Jia, Daniel Mcduff, Yossi Matias, Avinatan Hassidim, Dale Webster, Yun Liu, Jackie Barr, Quang Duong
arXiv Computation and Language
3d ago

MedConceal: A Benchmark for Clinical Hidden-Concern Reasoning Under Partial Observability

MedConceal is a new benchmark for evaluating medical dialogue systems on hidden‑concern reasoning under partial observability. It features 300 curated cases and 600 clinician‑LLM interactions, using an interactive patient simulator that hides latent concerns and tracks their revelation and resolution through theory‑grounded communication signals. The benchmark assesses both confirmation (surfacing hidden concerns) and intervention (addressing the primary concern), revealing that current models excel on different metrics while human clinicians still outperform them on intervention success.

By Yikun Han, Joey Chan, Jingyuan Chen, Mengting Ai, Simo Du, Yue Guo
arXiv AI
Aug 3

Reasoning in Real World Clinical Care: Why Large Language Models Are Not Yet Safe for Autonomous Clinical Decision Support

arXiv:2607. 28677v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM now pass medical licensing examinations and, in curated cases, can rival physicians at diagnostic reasoning.

By Shayndhan Sivanathan, Shravan Nageswaran, Mehdi Zadem, Ryaan Sultan, Nicolas von Mallinckrodt, Max Solovyev, Alexey Matyushkin, Sumon Sadhu, Gabriele C DeLuca, Sanjeeva Jeyaretna, James Hillis, Manoj Ramachandran, Prakash Jayakumar