arXiv Machine Learning

Uncertainty-Aware Compositional Localization and Placement Assessment of Catheters and Tubes in Chest X-Rays

arXiv:2608. 11288v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Assessing catheter and tube placement on chest X-rays is safety-critical yet tedious and error-prone.

arXiv Machine Learning

Aug 13

Look What the Probes Dragged In! Real-World Chest X-ray Shortcuts in MedCLIP

arXiv:2608. 12086v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-language models, such as contrastive language-image pre-training (CLIP)-based approaches, have reached state-of-the-art (SOTA) results in medical artificial intelligence.

By Nikolette Pedersen, Regitze Sydendal, Veronika Cheplygina, Th\'eo Sourget

llms multimodal benchmarks data-engineering

arXiv AI

Jul 14

SegWithU: Uncertainty as Perturbation Energy for Single-Forward-Pass Risk-Aware Medical Image Segmentation

arXiv:2604. 15271v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reliable uncertainty estimation is critical for medical image segmentation, where automated contours feed downstream quantification and clinical decision support.

By Tianhao Fu, Austin Wang, Charles Chen, Roby Aldave-Garza, Yucheng Chen

computer-vision

arXiv Machine Learning

Jul 14

BiLoG-Net: A Bi-Context Location-Guided Network for Breast Mass Segmentation and Malignancy Classification in Mammography

arXiv:2607. 10188v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Breast cancer remains the most commonly diagnosed malignancy among women worldwide, yet accurate detection and characterization of breast masses in mammography remain challenging due to subtle intensity variations, heterogeneous tissue densities, and indistinct lesion boundaries that complicate radiological interpretation.

By Abu Fatema Mohammad Abdun Noor, Md Imam Ahasan, Md Samiul Ahasan, Kah Ong Michael Goh, S M Hasan Mahmud, Raihana Zannat

llms computer-vision benchmarks

arXiv AI

Aug 11

Rethinking Medical Landmark Localization with Prototype Learning-based Progressive Offset Correction

arXiv:2608. 09182v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Accurate landmark localization in medical images is a fundamental step for quantitative clinical measurement and downstream analysis.

By Jingxian Xu, Yuhao Huang, Rusi Chen, Yanfeng Zhou, Dong Ni

arXiv AI

Jul 14

GRC-ProbNet: Uncertainty-aware Feature Extraction for Cardiovascular Disease Classification

arXiv:2607. 10357v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The automatic detection and classification of cardiovascular disease (CVD) from computed tomography (CT) images plays an important role in clinical practice.

By Yash Shah, Omar Todd, Philipp Seeb\"ock, Georg Langs, Ben Glocker, Raghav Mehta

computer-vision

arXiv Machine Learning

Jul 13

From Classification to Localization and Clinical Validation: Large-Scale Development of a Deep Learning System for Thoracic Disease Detection on Chest Radiographs in Thailand

arXiv:2607. 09305v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Chest radiography (CXR) remains the most widely used thoracic imaging modality, yet expert interpretation is constrained by a severe shortage of radiologists in Thailand and across Southeast Asia.

By Isarun Chamveha, Tretap Promwiset, Napat Wanchaitanawong, Trongtum Tongdee, Pairash Saiviroonporn, Warasinee Chaisangmongkon

arXiv Machine Learning

Jun 29

Revisiting Performance Claims for Chest X-Ray Models Using Clinical Context

arXiv:2509. 19671v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Public datasets of Chest X-Rays (CXRs) have long been a popular benchmark for developing machine learning (ML) computer vision models in healthcare.

By Andrew Wang, Jiashuo Zhang, Michael Oberst

computer-vision benchmarks

arXiv Machine Learning

Jul 27

CARDIAG: A Dense Segment Classification Benchmark of Deep Learning Architectures for Coronary Angiography

arXiv:2607. 22139v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Accurate pixel-level classification of coronary angiograms is critical for cardiovascular disease assessment, yet the field lacks standardized evaluation protocols.

By Dominik Bernard Lau, Hubert Malinowski, Jerzy Szyjut, Adam Brzeski, Tomasz Dziubich, Rados{\l}aw Targo\'nski, Tomasz Figatowski, Natalia Zieli\'nska

computer-vision benchmarks

arXiv Machine Learning

3d ago

TRUE-Colon: Exposing a Consistent Transfer Asymmetry in Real-Time Polyp Detection

arXiv:2608. 13711v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Computer-aided detection (CADe) systems for colonoscopy promise to reduce clinical miss rates, yet reliable real-world deployment remains elusive.

By Sebastian Doerrich, Andreas Franz Schwab, Francesco Di Salvo, Shyam Nandan Rai, Hanh Huyen My Nguyen, Christian Ledig

llms efficiency benchmarks

arXiv Machine Learning

2d ago

Beyond Boundary Noise: Aggregated Aleatoric Uncertainty Fails to Capture Presence Ambiguity in 3D Lung Nodule Segmentation

arXiv:2608. 14766v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Uncertainty estimation is critical for the safe clinical deployment of deep learning in medical image segmentation, with aleatoric uncertainty theoretically designed to capture irreducible data ambiguity.

By Simon Baur, Arne Schernich, Ekin B\"oke, Wojciech Samek, Jackie Ma

computer-vision safety

arXiv AI

Jul 7

PulmoSight-XAI: An Explainable Multi-View Attention Ensemble with Gradient Boosting Meta-Learning for Multi-Label Chest X-Ray Classification

arXiv:2607. 04478v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Automated chest X-ray classification remains challenging due to severe class imbalance, co-occurring pathologies, and the loss of localized features in conventional architectures.

By Moshiur Rahman, Shafqat Alam, Tasnia Binte Mamun

benchmarks

arXiv Machine Learning

Jun 3

GLINT: Sparsely Gated Vision-Language Alignment for Fine-Grained Radiology Representations

arXiv:2606. 03180v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-language models (VLMs) for radiology have emerged as a scalable paradigm by leveraging image-report pairs naturally produced in clinical workflows.

By Jonggwon Park, Seongeun Lee, Junhyun Park, Hannah Yun, Hyunwoong Kim, Sohyun Jeong, Hyewon Kang, Byungmu Yoon, Kyoyun Choi

llms rag computer-vision efficiency multimodal safety

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