arXiv:2608. 07796v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models perform strongly on medical knowledge benchmarks, but reliable clinical deployment requires agents to conduct defensible investigations over heterogeneous, longitudinal records: determining what evidence is needed, retrieving and reconciling structured and free-text data, grounding conclusions in verifiable evidence, and deferring cases that cannot be resolved reliably.
By Veronica Chatrath, Bryan Zhu, George Pu, Jingxuan Fan, Apaar Shanker, Varun Ursekar, Anahita Sharma, Jason Qin, Keqi Han, Soham Dinesh Tiwari, Soham Dan, Vijay Kalmath, Yuan Li, Daniel Yue Zhang, Chenguang Wang, Zainab Doctor, Zhijun Yin, Nigam H. Shah, Yuan Xue
EviDx is a new framework for evidence-aware active diagnosis that pairs patient-specific diagnostic environments with a clinical scaffold and an observer-guided runtime harness. The framework constructs interactive environments from raw clinical cases, organizes role-specialized agents and evidence tools, and regulates diagnostic termination by tracking uncertainty and evidence coverage. Experiments demonstrate that EviDx improves diagnostic performance and process stability while revealing model-dependent capability boundaries.
By Lihang Zeng, Shaoting Zhang, Xiaofan Zhang
arXiv:2606. 05463v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Patient safety event triage, determining whether a clinical event is reportable under jurisdiction-specific policy, is a high-stakes task typically performed manually by patient safety experts.
By Keqi Han, Ryan Young, Annabel Strauss, Lindsey Hughes, Katharine M. Nesbitt, Nicole Schueler, Che Ngufor, Carl Yang, Yuan Xue, Zhijun Yin
AI Morbidity and Mortality (AI M&M) is a structured, blameless framework designed to review clinical AI failures. It combines standardized case intake, evidence preservation, investigator reconstruction, tool‑in‑loop attribution, and corrective‑action tracking, classifying each event across four linked dimensions: Trigger, Mechanism, Clinical Pathway, and Corrective Action. The authors demonstrate the framework with five outpatient medication and clinical decision‑support cases, achieving full agreement among reviewers on all classification axes.
By Paulius Mui, Dean F. Sittig, Steve Labkoff, Sanjay Basu
arXiv:2605. 30295v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) show promise for clinical reasoning and decision support, but evaluation in realistic, electronic health record-congruent settings remains limited.
By Valentina Bui Muti, Eug\'enie Dulout, Ziquan Fu
The article presents a new semantic model for representing scientific evidence, specifically tailored to genetics, that extends existing standards by adding fine‑grained, domain‑specific structure. It aligns with FHIR Evidence and SEPIO, incorporates a compact vocabulary validated by SHACL, and was tested in a human‑AI annotation pilot on six genetics papers, producing 28 evidence items and 95 source‑anchored assertions. The authors argue that this model advances trustworthy, AI‑ready infrastructure for variant interpretation by providing a reference data model and validation schema for genetic evidence.
By Michael Bouzinier, Dmitry Etin
The paper introduces MIMIC-DOS, a dataset derived from MIMIC-IV that focuses on ICU cases where patient symptoms and medical signs are discordant. It presents CARE, a privacy‑compliant multi‑stage agentic reasoning framework that uses a proprietary LLM to generate structured categories and transitions, while a local LLM performs evidence acquisition and decision‑making. In retrospective evaluations on MIMIC‑DOS, CARE outperforms other LLMs and agentic workflows, demonstrating stronger handling of conflicting clinical evidence while preserving patient privacy.
By Haochen Liu, Weien Li, Rui Song, Zeyu Li, Chun Jason Xue, Xiao-Yang Liu, Sam Nallaperuma-Herzberg, Xue Liu, Ye Yuan
arXiv:2605.11533v4 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Routine clinical check-up reports combine laboratory measurements, physiological assessments, imaging findings and visually structured information,...
By Sike Xiang, Shuang Chen, Kevin Qinghong Lin, Jialin Yu, Yijia Sun, Philip Torr, Amir Atapour-Abarghouei
arXiv:2608.23397v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Interactive clinical agents must gather decisive evidence and convert it into grounded actions under partial observability. A correct final diagnosis a...
By Ruoyu Wu, Shenfu Xie, Yinqian Sun, Haibo Tong, Feifei Zhao
arXiv:2609.24620v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Answering epidemiological questions from real-world clinical data requires medical coding, schema-aware SQL, and validation of implicit choices about p...
By Angelo Ziletti, Leonardo D'Ambrosi, Melanie Tuchardt, Tim Kondziella
arXiv:2607. 08038v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diagnostic error is a major threat to patient safety, yet current large language model (LLM) systems often treat diagnosis as a one-shot prediction task, lacking safeguards against missed high-risk alternatives or rigorous verification of their reasoning.
By Fan Ma, Mauro Giuffr\`e, Donald Wright, Kent McCann, Mark Iscoe, Lingfei Qian, Mingyang Jiang, Chi Wing Ng, Na Hong, Huan He, Cathy Shyr, Qingyu Chen, Lee Schwamm, Lucila Ohno-Machado, Hua Xu
arXiv:2608.28974v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Clinically relevant oncology information is distributed across heterogeneous, longitudinal documentation, creating substantial abstraction burden and r...
By Daniel Kang, Michelle Hu, Soorya Ram Shimgekar, Shayan Vassef, Yufan Wang, Anit Kumar Sahu, Munmun De Choudhury, Vedant Das Swain, Christian Poellabauer, Li Yan Khor, Koustuv Saha, Robert Wojciechowski, Elliot Kidd, Piyum Zonooz, Navin Kumar