arXiv:2608.28592v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) achieve high scores on medical knowledge examinations, yet real-world oncology is not a knowledge test--it is a sequence o...
arXiv:2607. 20453v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models show promise for clinical prediction, but zero-shot performance on specialized tasks is limited by incomplete domain knowledge, especially for smaller locally deployable models.
The paper introduces ICD-Deepresearch, a workflow that combines foundation models for electronic health records (EHR) and language models with medical search and ICD dictionaries to forecast future ICD codes for upcoming clinical encounters. It evaluates candidate code transitions by linking patient evidence, external clinical relations, and exact code semantics within a fixed top‑K budget, using SparseEHR for initial priors, GPT‑5 for complementary forecasts, and a final selection step that validates, deduplicates, and ranks candidates. The method achieves patient‑averaged precision/recall of 24.60/35.09% on MIMIC‑III and 25.14/48.32% on MIMIC‑IV, with physicians rating 51–68% of its retrieved documents as useful, outperforming standalone GPT‑5 web search and Medical Deep Research.
arXiv:2607. 05310v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Model editing promises a fast, targeted way to correct post-deployment mistakes in medical vision-language models (VLMs) without costly retraining.
The paper introduces CAST, a concept-guided artifact suppression tuning framework that uses sparse autoencoders to identify and suppress note-specific artifacts in clinical language models. CAST labels latent features with an LLM-assisted pipeline and ICD‑10 constraints, then fine‑tunes the model while providing post‑hoc per‑concept attributions for auditability. In experiments on MIMIC‑IV discharge‑note mortality prediction, CAST outperforms standard fine‑tuned encoders and competes with strong LLM baselines while offering a feature‑level audit trail of clinical concepts and suppressed artifacts.
arXiv:2607. 24838v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In medical multiple-choice question answering (MCQA), Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) can supplement the domain knowledge of language models (LMs).
arXiv:2508. 14817v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Objective: To evaluate whether retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) can serve as an efficient alternative to long-context prompting for clinical reasoning over electronic health records (EHRs).
arXiv:2608.22323v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The application of Large Language Models (LLMs) to diagnostic decision-making has garnered growing interest. However, existing benchmarks largely focus...
arXiv:2608.24688v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Precision oncology necessitates a longitudinal model of patient state that captures cancer evolution and treatment over time, integrating multimodal ob...
arXiv:2606. 12169v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: High-stakes clinical use of large vision-language models (LVLMs) requires reasoning that is grounded in visual evidence and clinical knowledge, not just correct final answers.
arXiv:2606. 28798v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Objective: ICD codes are central to reimbursement, research, and population health surveillance, yet automated coding systems often struggle to integrate diagnostic signals from both clinical narratives and structured electronic health record (EHR) variables.
The paper critiques the common practice of evaluating specialist language models solely by endpoint gains, arguing that the underlying model updates are largely unexamined. It introduces a paired weight‑delta path audit and applies it to two public generalist‑to‑medical‑specialist checkpoint pairs, showing that the decoder‑side updates largely reconstruct the observed benchmark improvements. However, the audit finds that the improvements are not neatly localized to a single component family, indicating that component‑level explanations are more complex than previously assumed.