arXiv AI

PeerPen: AI-Assisted Writing for Online Mental Health Peer Support

arXiv Computation and Language
Oct 23

CoWriter: Guiding Methodological and Synergetic Human-LLM Co-Authoring

CoWriter is a proactive agentic system that adapts expert human co‑authoring methodologies from cognitive science to guide the entire writing workflow and actively encourage user engagement. In an exploratory user study, authors using CoWriter expressed their perspectives more clearly, felt greater ownership of the document, and engaged with the agent 2.2× more often than a standard LLM baseline. External reader judges also rated CoWriter‑generated texts higher in human‑touch qualities such as storytelling and personal experience integration.

By Shmuel Amar, Benjamin Lieber, Ori Shapira, Debanjana Kar, Sebastian Maximilian Dennerlein, Yufang Hou, Ido Dagan
arXiv AI
Sep 15

A Responsive Present, a Shared Past, a Social Other: Teens' Overreliance on Companion AI Chatbots

The study examines how teens interact with companion AI chatbots, revealing that these systems offer comfort, recognition, identity exploration, and relationship rehearsal. However, teens also experience problematic attachment, social substitution, emotional dependence, and disruptions to academic and social life. The findings highlight the need for safety measures that address long‑term relationships, user‑controlled memory, privacy, relational boundaries, and healthy disengagement.

By Mohammad Namvarpour (Matt), Tyler Chang, Afsaneh Razi
arXiv Computation and Language
Sep 18

CounselReflect: Opportunities and Challenges for Designing Tools to Support Self-Reflection on Mental Health and Well-Being Conversations with AI

The paper introduces CounselReflect, a tool that converts counseling quality metrics into a framework for users to reflect on their mental‑health AI conversations. Through interviews with 21 users, the study finds that while most participants rarely reflect on their interactions, they identify specific questions they would like such a tool to address. The findings also reveal that users tend to confirm existing beliefs and focus on familiar dimensions, highlighting the need for reflection tools to expose blind spots and encourage a more comprehensive examination of AI interactions, especially when revisiting emotionally charged exchanges.

By Yahan Li, Chaohao Du, Christopher Chun Kuizon, Zeyang Li, Nimra Ishfaq, Shupeng Cheng, Angelica Yinling Sun, Adam C. Frank, Angel Hsing-Chi Hwang, Ruishan Liu
arXiv Computation and Language
Aug 24

Trust Stack for Mental Health AI: A Survey of Calibration across Human, Interaction, and AI Layers

The paper surveys 61 studies on mental‑health AI and identifies a misalignment in how trust is evaluated across disciplines. It proposes a three‑layer framework—human‑oriented, interaction‑oriented, and AI‑oriented trust—and maps stakeholder perspectives onto these layers. The authors argue that future research should focus on calibrating human trust to actual interaction and AI trustworthiness rather than merely maximizing perceived trust.

By Xin Sun, Yue Su, Yifan Mo, Qingyu Meng, Yuxuan Li, Min Chen, Mengyuan Zhang, Saku Sugawara, Charlotte Gerritsen, Sander L. Koole, Koen Hindriks, Jiahuan Pei
arXiv AI
Sep 25

When No One Owns the Judgment: Accountability Under Contribution Dissolution in Human-AI Collaboration

The paper examines how AI involvement in human collaboration can lead to unowned judgment, where decisions shaped by AI lack a clear accountable human or institution. Through cases of AI-assisted peer review and concealed AI use in creative work, it shows that contribution dissolution weakens responsibility and that fear of losing credit can deter disclosure. The authors argue for clearer distinctions of AI roles, identification of judgments needing human ownership, and conditions that allow disclosure without penalty, aiming to make AI-shaped contributions discussable, creditable, contestable, and repairable.

By Hengzhi Ye
arXiv AI
Oct 1

Community-Driven API and AI Writer Design for Openly Scaling Community Notes

The article describes the design, operation, and impact of the Community-Driven API and AI Writer for Openly Scaling Community Notes on X. It explains how the AI Note Writer API, launched in September 2025, allows AI to propose notes while users retain control over which notes are shown, and highlights that the Community Writer—an open‑source client—generates 52% of notes deemed helpful and is faster than other writers. The study shows AI notes complement human contributions, covering 42% of posts with helpful notes that have no human alternative, and 30% of posts with only human notes, indicating a synergistic relationship. "whyItMatters":"The work demonstrates how an open, community‑driven AI API can scale content moderation and enrichment on a social platform while preserving user control and complementing human effort."

By Brad Miller, Jay Baxter, Jiansong Chao, Keith Coleman, Sophie Hilgard, Daniel Ortiz