The paper reviews uncertainty quantification (UQ) methods for graph neural networks used in connectome-based diagnostic classification and presents a case study on a temporal Graph Attention Network applied to dynamic functional connectivity data for Cocaine Use Disorder. It highlights that deterministic GNNs can produce overconfident predictions, as shown by a Monte Carlo dropout audit revealing high confidence on misclassified subjects. The study demonstrates the need for rigorous UQ, calibration, and selective prediction to ensure reliable graph-based biomarkers in clinical neuroscience.
arXiv:2609.06093v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Connectomes, graph-level maps of neurons and their synaptic connections, provide a structural basis for understanding how brain circuits support functi...
The paper introduces Explainable Graph-theoretical Machine Learning (XGML) to build individual metabolic brain graphs from FDG-PET data and identify subgraphs predictive of multivariate Alzheimer’s disease outcomes. Using ADNI data, the best model—kernel density estimation with Hellinger distance and random forest—achieved a Pearson correlation of 0.595 across eight cognitive scores, with the highest performance on ADAS13, ADAS11, and ADASQ4. Key edges were found to be jointly but differentially predictive, indicating potential network biomarkers for cognitive decline, though external validation on OASIS3 showed weaker performance likely due to cohort differences.
arXiv:2607. 20896v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Spatial transcriptomics assays remain costly and technically demanding, restricting transcriptome-wide profiling to specialist settings and preventing routine clinical deployment.
arXiv:2608.20380v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) has enabled non-invasive mapping of functional brain interactions for computer-aided di...
arXiv:2604. 27967v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Background: We introduce StructGP, a continuous-time multi-task Gaussian process that couples process convolutions with differentiable structure learning to uncover a sparse, ordered directed acyclic graph (DAG) of inter-variable dependencies while preserving principled uncertainty.
The paper introduces a statistical framework to test whether epistemic uncertainty in node classification decreases as more information about the data‑generating process becomes available. It shows that existing graph evidential deep learning methods fail to meet a consistency criterion under this framework, because they regulate uncertainty via hyperparameters rather than data uncertainty. The authors propose graph bootstrap ensembles, which reduce epistemic uncertainty more effectively than standard deep ensembles and satisfy the consistency criterion in controlled experiments.
arXiv:2609.25088v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Survival prediction for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) demands models that are both accurate and interpretable, yet existing approaches treat these ob...
arXiv:2609.39429v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) is a key requirement for trustworthy AI in high-stakes medical image analysis. In this work, we evaluate UQ in a mult...
arXiv:2606. 18287v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal neuroimaging, integrating functional connectivity from fMRI and structural connectivity from DTI, enables non-invasive analysis of brain networks using graph neural networks.
BrainATCL is an unsupervised, nonparametric framework that learns adaptive temporal brain connectivity from resting‑state fMRI data. It dynamically adjusts the lookback window for each snapshot based on newly added edges and encodes graph sequences with a GINE‑Mamba2 backbone, incorporating brain‑structure and function‑informed edge attributes. The method is evaluated on functional link prediction and age estimation, showing superior performance and strong generalization, even across sessions.
arXiv:2511. 04539v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In network neuroscience, functional brain systems are often characterized using separate yet related graph-theoretic or spectral descriptors, overlooking how these properties covary and partially overlap across individuals and conditions.
arXiv:2609.37220v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Exploring high-order correlations and long-range dependencies in brain networks holds significant value for both neuroscience research and clinical dia...