Alignment, interpretability, red-teaming, bias and privacy: the research on what these systems do when they misbehave.
arXiv:2403. 14926v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Electronic health record (EHR) systems capture a wealth of multimodal clinical data, encompassing both structured clinical codes and unstructured clinical notes.
arXiv:2607. 09481v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Text-guided medical image segmentation leverages clinical semantics to improve lesion delineation, yet many existing models bind cross-modal fusion, supervision, and decoder design into a task-specific architecture.
arXiv:2607. 08954v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study nonasymptotic convergence of primal-dual methods for a class of nonconvex constrained optimization problems with a convex-composite structure.
arXiv:2607. 08778v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder that continues to impact millions of people worldwide.
arXiv:2607. 09480v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The human visual system (HVS) employs foveated sampling and eye movements to achieve efficient perception, conserving both metabolic energy and computational resources.
Face super-resolution is the task of increasing the resolution of an image containing a face thereby adding finer detail. It is a ubiquitous task in many computer vision applications and quite often the user isn't even aware that it is being performed.
Conventional language-model distillation often relies on fixed teacher-generated data, which may not cover the states encountered by an evolving student policy. On-policy distillation (OPD) instead collects teacher or evaluator supervision on student-generated rollouts.
We introduce Sticky Jump Diffusions (SJDs), continuous-time Markov processes on $\mathbb R^d$ whose discrete anchors are token embeddings. In forward time, anchors release their mass at a hazard rate and the released mass diffuses in the continuous ambient space; time reversal couples a score-driven SDE with a sticky jump kernel whose rate and destination are fixed by flux balance with the forward law.
LLMs are now proposed for fraud detection, scam investigation, content moderation, and other trust-and-safety workflows. Much of the public literature still evaluates them as models, with less attention to their behavior as components in operational pipelines.
Medical image classification models are ideally expected to identify diagnostically relevant regions while making predictions, yet standard classification losses rarely provide spatial supervision. Explicit supervision via anatomical shape information, such as segmentation masks of task-relevant anatomy, has been shown to guide the network toward regions relevant to the target prediction.
Autonomous driving requires long-horizon closedloop decision making in dynamic traffic environments. Latent world models offer an effective framework for this problem by enabling imagination-based decision making in compact latent spaces.
Synthetic data is widely used to train large language models because it is inexpensive to generate and easy to control. As models are increasingly deployed as agents, synthetic trajectories are likely to become an important source of training data for agentic behavior.
Recent advances in equipping Large Language Models (LLMs) with search tools and outcome-reward reinforcement learning (RL) have achieved new state-of-the-art results on open-domain QA tasks. However, we argue that current training paradigms harbor a critical vulnerability: they predominantly reward correct answers but fail to penalize fabricated ones when retrieval fails, thereby implicitly exacerbating hallucinations.
The best AI models still hallucinate. These hallucinations are sometimes funny, and sometimes cause actual damage.
Knowledge Graphs (KGs) are increasingly constructed through automated extraction pipelines; however, such systems often introduce spurious or incomplete triples, which degrade downstream performance. Existing evaluation practices rely heavily on task-specific metrics or small-scale manual verification, offering limited insight into the structural and semantic fidelity of extracted graphs.
arXiv:2607. 08470v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Fully characterizing a crystalline material requires integrating heterogeneous data sources -- atomic structures, diffraction patterns, electronic density of states, and natural language -- each of which captures a different facet of the same physical object.
arXiv:2607. 08646v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As available training data approaches its physical limit, gains from Scaling Laws have begun to diminish.
arXiv:2607. 08454v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Coordinated beamforming in distributed 5G networks relies on the timely exchange of inter-cell scheduling information, but backhaul latency makes this information stale.
arXiv:2607. 08402v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large-scale and diverse datasets are needed to train AI models to take real-time decisions for autonomous vehicles (AVs), an intelligent transportation system (ITS) application.
arXiv:2605. 07409v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Natural Language Processing is rapidly evolving into a primary instrument for Computational Social Science, with researchers increasingly using embeddings to measure latent constructs such as novelty, creativity, and bias.