Retrieval-augmented generation

Retrieval pipelines, vector search, chunking and reranking: how models are grounded in a corpus instead of their weights.

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arXiv Computer Vision
Sep 15

MorphoStyle: Motion Style Transfer with Morphology Control

MorphoStyle is a new framework for shape‑aware motion style transfer that uses a shape‑conditioned FSQ‑VAE. It disentangles style from content through a contrastive style encoder, a text‑guided style‑routing mechanism, and a manifold‑preserving style modulator. Experiments on benchmark datasets show that MorphoStyle outperforms existing baselines in both shape control and motion style transfer.

By Xin Feng, Eleonora D'Arnese, Mohan Sridharan
arXiv AI
Sep 15

Task-Based CT Protocol Optimization Using Reinforcement Learning and Virtual Imaging Trials

The study presents a virtual imaging trial framework that uses reinforcement learning to optimize computed tomography (CT) protocols, balancing liver lesion detectability against radiation dose. By training a Proximal Policy Optimization agent on 63 computational human models across 468 parameter combinations, the authors demonstrate that evaluating only eight protocols per patient—about 2% of exhaustive testing—recovers 98.2% of the optimal objective. Conditioning the agent on patient‑specific CT localizer embeddings further improves zero‑simulation recovery by 10.7 percentage points compared to a localizer‑blind policy.

By Jiaqi Zou, David Fenwick, Vahid Tarokh, Nicholas Felice, Jayasai Rajagopal, Anuj Kapadia, Ehsan Samei, Navid NaderiAlizadeh, Ehsan Abadi
arXiv AI
Sep 15

The Universe of Universes: Benefit Yield Functions, Implosion Thresholds, and Infrastructure-Aware Optimization in Multi-LLM Systems

The paper introduces the Universe of Universes (UoU) framework, treating the ecosystem of major large language models as a structured retrieval corpus and proposing a compositional Automated Reasoning and Machine Learning architecture for cross-model retrieval‑augmented generation. It formally defines the Benefit Yield Function (BYF), measuring marginal performance gain per added model, and identifies an implosion threshold θ* where BYF becomes zero and ensemble performance degrades. The work highlights gaps in current LLM ensemble research, such as lack of performance analysis across full model universes, and connects these findings to implications for DoD AI acquisition policy and testing of AI‑enabled systems.

By Danielle Franklin, Vasu Raj Jain
arXiv Computation and Language
Sep 15

Where to Look and What to Use: Retrieve-Localize-Generate for Long-Term Conversational Memory Question Answering

arXiv:2609.07093v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enables large language models (LLMs) to answer questions by accessing external knowledge and has been widely a...

By Yifan Wang, Xinkui Lin, Yongxiu Xu, Shen Gao, Ruochen Yang, Kun Huang, Yubin Wang, Jie Wu, Wei Liu, Jian Luan, Hongbo Xu, Shuo Shang
arXiv AI
Sep 15

LLM-Microscope: Uncovering the Hidden Role of Punctuation in Context Memory of Transformers

The paper introduces LLM-Microscope, a toolkit for measuring how Large Language Models encode contextual information at the token level. It shows that seemingly minor tokens—such as determiners, stopwords, and punctuation—carry surprisingly high contextual weight, and removing them degrades performance on benchmarks like MMLU and BABILong-4k. The study also finds a strong link between contextualization and linearity, indicating that the transformation between layers can be approximated by a single linear mapping when tokens are well contextualized.

By Anton Razzhigaev, Matvey Mikhalchuk, Temurbek Rahmatullaev, Elizaveta Goncharova, Polina Druzhinina, Ivan Oseledets, Andrey Kuznetsov
arXiv AI
Sep 15

Synthetic Data in Marketing Research: How to Evaluate and When to Trust

The paper discusses the use of synthetic data in marketing research, arguing that the key question is not whether synthetic respondents work, but when they do. It categorizes synthetic data into three types—ungrounded LLM responses, segment-level personas, and individual-level digital twins—and maps each to the decisions they can support. The authors also propose a taxonomy of accuracy measures, highlight the forgotten question problem, and introduce an ex‑ante answerability diagnostic based on R² to improve twin-human correlation.

By Oded Netzer, Rajan Sambandam