Large language models

Model releases, architecture work and prompting research on large language models — from frontier-lab announcements to the arXiv papers behind them.

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arXiv AI
Jul 2

The State-Prediction Separation Hypothesis

arXiv:2607. 01218v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Transformers use the same forward computation stream to both predict the next token and store useful state for future token predictions.

By Giovanni Monea, Nathan Godey, Kiant\'e Brantley, Yoav Artzi
arXiv AI
Jul 2

Managed Autonomy at Runtime: Gear-Based Safety and Governance for Single- and Multi-Agent Cyber-Physical Systems

arXiv:2607. 00334v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autonomous agents, whether LLM-driven software agents or robotic physical agents, face a common class of failure modes when operating without continuous human oversight: safety violations from unverified actions, behavioral instability from unconstrained loops, and continuity loss from unhandled error states.

By Srini Ramaswamy, Wang Miaosheng
arXiv AI
Jul 2

Diffusion-GR2: Diffusion Generative Reasoning Re-ranker

arXiv:2607. 01170v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Generative reasoning re-rankers achieve strong recommendation accuracy by emitting a chain-of-thought before re-ordering a candidate list, but they are slow at inference: an autoregressive (AR) decoder spends one sequential forward pass per reasoning token, and the reasoning trace far exceeds the ranking it produces.

By Zhuoxuan Zhang (Yang), Kangqi Ni (Yang), Yuhang Chen (Yang), Mingfu Liang (Yang), Xiaohan Wei (Yang), Yunchen Pu (Yang), Fei Tian (Yang), Chonglin Sun (Yang), Frank Shyu (Yang), Adam (Yang), Song, Sandeep Pandey, Luke Simon, Tianlong Chen, Xi Liu
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 2

IRIS: A Real-World Benchmark for Inverse Recovery and Identification of Physical Dynamic Systems from Monocular Video

arXiv:2603. 16432v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Unsupervised physical parameter estimation from video lacks a common benchmark: existing methods evaluate on non-overlapping synthetic data, the sole real-world dataset is restricted to single-body systems, and no established protocol addresses governing-equation identification.

By Rasul Khanbayov, Mohamed Rayan Barhdadi, Erchin Serpedin, Hasan Kurban
arXiv AI
Jul 2

UltraFlux: Data-Model Co-Design for High-quality Native 4K Text-to-Image Generation across Diverse Aspect Ratios

arXiv:2511. 18050v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Diffusion transformers have recently delivered strong text-to-image generation around 1K resolution, but we show that extending them to native 4K across diverse aspect ratios exposes a tightly coupled failure mode spanning positional encoding, VAE compression, and optimization.

By Tian Ye, Song Fei, Lei Zhu