Large language models

Model releases, architecture work and prompting research on large language models — from frontier-lab announcements to the arXiv papers behind them.

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arXiv AI
Aug 11

H2: A Dual Hybrid Semantic Data Lake Architecture for Medical Data Harmonization with Human-In-the-Loop verified, LLM Driven Metadata Annotation System

arXiv:2608. 08056v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Medical data, by its nature, exhibit a high degree of heterogeneity on multiple levels ranging from (a) different modalities like images, text and time series, (b) diverse tabular schemata introduced by institutions and (c) completely unstructured textual information data provided by healthcare professionals.

By Ioannis N. Tzortzis, Georgia Kapetadimitri, Agapi Davradou, Nefeli Kousta, Nikolaos Bakalos, Ioannis Rallis, Dimitrios Kalogeras, Nikolaos Doulamis, Anastasios Doulamis
arXiv AI
Aug 11

Yesterday's Shield, Today's Spear: A Self-Evolving Safety Guardrail in Production

arXiv:2608. 08471v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deployed LLM safety guardrails are predominantly static: trained once and frozen at release, while new jailbreak techniques and previously un-addressed harmful categories emerge within days, leaving the defense perpetually a step behind.

By Cong Ming, Jingyi Chen, Bin Liu, Qi Chu, Tao Gong, Nenghai Yu, Yingfei Xiang
arXiv AI
Aug 11

TrustRoboReward: Preference-Ordered Isotonic Score Editing for Multi-Paradigm Robot Reward Models

arXiv:2608. 08491v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reward models are a bottleneck for reinforcement learning in embodied AI.

By Yidong Wang, Yan Zhan, Ziteng Feng, Zhenyu Cui, Ziyi Zhou, Renzhao Liang, Jiaxuan Zhu, Zilei Yang, Yiran Zhao, Zhongkuan Mao, Bo Jia, Hanchu Ni, Chenggang Xie, Biao Liu, Yi Zhang, Yong Dai, Xiaozhu Ju, Wei Ye, Shikun Zhang
arXiv AI
Aug 11

Reproducing and Stress-Testing Two Approaches to LLM Reasoning Reliability: Test-Time Probability Aggregation and Logic-Representation Editing

arXiv:2608. 08514v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We independently reproduce two recent methods for making large language model (LLM) reasoning more reliable, and stress-test them across domains and models (RPC across four new task domains with Qwen3-8B, LCF across four 7-8B models).

By Minhan Cho, Jimin Kweon
arXiv AI
Aug 11

Time Present and Time Past: Benchmarking Large Language Models on Temporally Evolving Document Understanding

arXiv:2608. 08512v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Evolving documents, such as laws, tax codes, and software documentation, are amended, replaced, and sometimes reverted over time, so a question has different correct answers at different dates.

By Mahbub E Sobhani, Md. Faiyaz Abdullah Sayeedi, Fahmid Hasan Chowdhury, Md Adnan Arefeen, Farig Sadeque, Md. Faizul Bari, Swakkhar Shatabda
arXiv AI
Aug 11

The Scaffolding Matters More Than the Interface: A Controlled Comparison of MCP and CLI Tool Use Across Seven Agent Scaffoldings, Five Language Models, and One Software Task

arXiv:2608. 08654v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: How much an AI coding agent costs to run can depend more on the agent scaffolding that drives it than on the interface through which it reaches its tools.

By Marc Alier Forment, Mar\'ia Jos\'e Casa\~n Guerrero, Francisco Jos\'e Garc\'ia-Pe\~nalvo, Juanan Pereira